2010 I&I exam Flashcards by geeky medical

Which of the following is a characteristic of congenital syphilis?

a. Guillain-Barre syndrome
b. Hutchinson’s teeth
c. Hydrops fetalis
d. Patent ductus arteriosus

b. Hutchinson’s teeth

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Which of the following viruses needs “high-security infectious disease unit”?

a. Lassa virus
b. HPV
d. MERs

a. Lassa virus

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How can a pregnant woman acquire toxoplasmosis?

a. Contact with cow litter
b. Contact with camel litter
c. Contact with cat litter

c. Contact with cat litter

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Which of the following drugs is inhibited by a change in porin A in Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

a. Amoxicillin
b. Imipenem
c. Benzyl penicillin

b. Imipenem

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What’s the mechanism of action of Amphotercin B?

a. Making pores in the cell wall
b. Inhibiting DNA synthesis
c. Inhibiting protein synthesis
d. Disrupting mitotic process

a. Making pores in the cell wall

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a young boy ate a cream pie 3 hours later he developed vomiting and abdominal pain, what most likely would be the causative agent?

Staphylococcus aureus

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what is the most infectious virus in hospitalS?

a. Rotavirus
b. CMV
c. RSV
d. VZV

d. VZV

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Which of the following malignancies in HIV patient is caused by EBV?

a. Temporal lobe malignancy
b. Extra nodal lymphoma

b. Extra nodal lymphoma

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Which one of the following cytokine is anti-inflammatory?

a. IL-1
b. IL-6
c. IL-10
d. TNF-alpha

c. IL-10

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Which of the following is the most common STD virus?

a. CMV
b. HSV
c. EBV

b. HSV

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Patient presented w/painless domed shaped lesions in the groin region?

a. Syphilis
b. Molluscum contagiosum virus
c. H. ducreyi

b. Molluscum contagiosum virus

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Which of the following cells expresses both MHC-1 & MHC-2?

a. RBC
b. B lymphocytes

b. B lymphocytes

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Which of the drugs develop resistant if used alone?

a. Clavulanic acid
b. Fusidic acid
c. Oxazolidinone

b. Fusidic acid

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Which of the following is used to kill spores?

a. Sterilization
b. Disinfection

a. Sterilization

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Which of the following is characteristic of aminoglycosides?

a. causes bone marrow toxicity
b. used for respiratory infections
c. used to treat severe sepsis
d. used for respiratory infections

c. used to treat severe sepsis

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What happens in positive selection?

MHC molecules are recognized by CD8 CD4

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What is type 1 fimbria in E.coli used for?

a. to invade the intestine wall
b. attachment to the epithelial cells of the urinary tract

b. attachment to the epithelial cells of the urinary tract

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which of the following is a virulence factor of Neisseria Gonorrhea?

a. Pillius
b. Toxins
c. Flagella

a. Pillius

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Which of the following is an anti-sense?

a. Oseltamivir
b. Fomivirsen
c. Zanamivir

b. Fomivirsen

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which of the following is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor?

a. Tenofovir
b. Zidovudine
c. Nevirapine

c. Nevirapine

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Which of the following is a protease inhibitor?

a. Saquinavir
b. Maraviroc
c. Raltegravir

a. Saquinavir

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A diabetic female presented w/bleeding nose, a nasal swab showed non-septate hypha, which of the following pathogens is the possible cause?

a. Aspergillosis
b. Mucorales
c. Candida

b. Mucorales

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what is the mechanism of action of maraviroc?

a. Inhibits viral uncoating
b. Inhibits viral entry
c. Inhibits viral release

b. Inhibits viral entry

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which of the following antibiotics binds reversibly to 30s subunit?

a. Tetracycline
b. Macrolide

a. Tetracycline

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which of the following cytokines initiate allergic reaction? a. IL-1 b. IL-2 c. IL-3 d. IL-4

d. IL-4

What is the most common cause of fever? a. cancer b. infection c. connective tissue disorder

b. infection

What's the best way of clearing viruses? A. cytotoxic cell-mediated apoptosis B. Antibodies

A. cytotoxic cell-mediated apoptosis

What's is the difference between the primary Ab and secondary Ab responses? A. Higher rate of Abs production B. Slower degradation of antibodies

A. Higher rate of Abs production

Which of the following methods is best used in blood grouping? a. percipitation b. agglutination c. immunoassay

b. agglutination

Which of the following antibiotic works on inhibit topoisomerases? a. Cefotaxime b. Vancomycin c. Ciprofloxacin d. Nitofurantoin

c. Ciprofloxacin

Which of the following fungi is characterized by large endospores? a. Histoplasma capsulatum b. Coccidioides immitis c. Penicillum marneffi d. Emergomyces africanus

b. Coccidioides immitis

A 29 woman presented with Vaginal discharge with rotten fish smell. What most likely would be the cause?

Gardnerella Vaginalis

Which of the following antifungals inhibit 1,3-B Glucan? a. Echinocandins b. Griseofulvin c. Terbinafine

a. Echinocandins

A man presented with severe pneumonia, what is the appropriate diagnostic test? a. Blood culture b. Throat swab c. Urine test

b. Throat swab

Which of the following is an indirect effect of Antibody? a. Agglutinate bacteria b. Prevent virus or bacterial entry c. Opsonization d. Inactivate toxins

c. Opsonization

Which of the following is stimulated by CRP? a. complement proteins b. antibodies

a. complement proteins

Which of the following cells bind to Ag-Ab complex in the lymph node? A. B cells B. dendritic cells C. follicular dendritic cells

C. follicular dendritic cells

An isolation of MRSA in 10 patients showed the same strain, within 2 weeks of staying in the hospital, after 2 weeks another 10 patients were infected with the same MRSA. The same nurse gave Medications to all of the 20 patients. How can you describe the situation? a. local infection b. Pandemic c. epidemic d. endemic e. sporadic

e. sporadic

What type of Epithelial reticular cells from the Hassall's corpuscles in the medulla? a. Type II ER cells b. Type IV ER cells c. Type V ER cells d. Type VI ER cells

d. Type VI ER cells

Defect in which type of cells will lead to chronic granulomatous disease? a. T cells b. B cells c. Macrophages d. Plasma cells

c. Macrophages

Which of the following fungi is characterized by oval yeast-like cells/short hyphae (throconidial forms) divide by fission? a. Mucormycosis b. Coccidioides immitis c. Penicillium marneffei d. Aspergilosis

c. Penicillium marneffei

What is meant by Quarantine?

Isolating persons who are not yet ill but were exposed to the infectious agent

Which is the most region in the world common in Yellow fever? a. South America b. Mongolia c. Congo d. China

a. South America

Why viruses are not killed by cytokines?

viruses doesn't express cytokine receptors

Which is the most common virulence factor of Bacillus Anthracis? A. Polypeptide capsule B. Toxin

B. Toxin | both are suppose to be correct...

Penicillin is given prophylactically to prevent ___?___ in a child with rheumatoid fever

Streptococcus pyogenes

What is the main symptom that characterizes syphilis? a. hepatitis b. persistent rhinitis c. maculopapular rash d. osteohondritis

b. persistent rhinitis

What is the main symptom that characterizes Listeriosis? a. thrombocytopenia b. micro-abscesses c. hepatosplenomegaly d. granuloma infantisepticum

d. granuloma infantisepticum

Which of the following is a characteristic of vaccination policy in Kuwait? a. Hib in the 2nd month b. Hib in the 3rd month c. Hib in the 4th month

a. Hib in the 2nd month

Khalid, a 20-year-old collage student, he is a sensation seeker and he is willing to be engaged with the physical and social challenges associated with the health-related behaviors that may put him in risk with STD. what is the characteristic associated with Khalid's risk behavior? A. he underestimates the risk associated with such a behavior B. because his brother is engaged in high-risk behavior also C. he has the high-risk personality

A. he underestimates the risk associated with such a behavior

What is the best way to diagnose VZV?

PCR of the vesicular fluid

56-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with fever and pain in the upper right side of the abdomen she was diagnosed with pyelonephritis. What is this condition called? A. Community-acquired infection B. Hospital acquired infection

A. Community-acquired infection

A 30 years old female presented with painful ulcers in the vagina and vulva. However, there are no ulcers in the anal and perianal regions. What most likely would be the causative agent? a. Chancroid b. Molescum contagious virus

b. Chancroid

HIV patient was aggressive, confused, in agitation form. What is this complication called? a. Anxiety b. Depression c. Guilt d. Delirium

d. Delirium

In renal transplant patient, What is the most common manifestation of BK virus?

nephropathy

A woman presented with bacteria in the vagina. Weeks later she got pregnant, and she had birth after 33 weeks of pregnancy, with foul smelled fluid during delivery. On histopathology examination of the placenta, what do you find?

Neutrophils in the chorion and amnion

What is the mechanism of resistance of E.Colli to ciprofloxacin? a. Targeting A subunit of DNA gyrase b. Targeting B subunit of DNA gyrase c. Targeting A subunit of topoisomerase 2 d. Targeting B subunit of topoisomerase 2

b. Targeting B subunit of DNA gyrase | the exam said A but it's B

What is the function of reticular cells found in the spleen? a. Produces collagen type I b. Produces collagen type II c. Produces collagen type III d. Produces collagen type IV

c. Produces collagen type III

Which of the following mechanisms is used in Gallium imaging? a. Binding to leukocytes b. Binding to transferrin c. Binding to T cells d. Binding to RBC's

b. Binding to transferrin

What STDs has a vaccine against it?

Human papillomavirus

A dental patient will undergo tooth extraction procedure, knowing that he has a heart valve problem. What prophlaxis would be used and in what amount?

High oral dose of amoxicillin

which of the following causes 2ndry IDD? a. Macrophage deficiency b. Malnutrition c. DNA synthesis disruption

b. Malnutrition

what is the most efficient in making laboratory containers and media to non-hazardous? a. 35% Ethanol b. 45% Ethanol c. 50% Hypochlorite d. 65% Hypochlorite

c. 50% Hypochlorite

Hiv +ve patient presented w/vascular spaces and spindle-shaped cells on the skin, which of the following is most likely? a. Leukocytosis b. Cervical cancer c. Kaposi sarcoma

c. Kaposi sarcoma

72-year-old man immunocompromized was on the ventilator for 2 months presented with pneumonia, what is the most likely causative agent?

MRSA

What occurs in primary lymphoid organs?

Initial differentiation of lymphocytes

Which of the following differences between fetus and adult spleen? a. medulla b. lobules c. primary nodules d. secondary nodules

d. secondary nodules

a 30-year-old pregnant woman in her 17th week presented w/toxoplasmosis, which type of test is best used on the amniotic fluid? a. Antibody-antigen detection b. PCR c. Immunoflourence

b. PCR

which of the following viruses cause cellular inclusions? a. CMV b. Rubella c. HPV

a. CMV

which of the following antibiotics is used in the case of 10 years boy presented w/tonsillitis and he is allergic to penicillin? a. Cephalosporin b. Erythromycin c. Tetracycline

b. Erythromycin

What mediates tissue damage in TB? A. T cells B. Complement C. anti-body antigen complex

A. T cells

which of the following is a characteristic of cytotoxic T cells? a. stimulate plasma cell proliferation b. Perforin-granzymes

b. Perforin-granzymes

which of the following cytokines is produced by T helpers cell and works on T helper cell? a. IL-1 b. IL-2 c. IL-3 d. IL-4

b. IL-2

``` A young lady presented w/toxic shock syndrome because of streptococcus pyogens, which of the following is the best diagnostic test? A. PCR B. Antigen-antibody C. Procalcitonin D. Superantigen ```

D. Superantigen

which antiviral drug is mostly associated w/mutation in YMDD gene? a. Adefovir b. Lamivudine c. Entecavir

b. Lamivudine

which of the following is used to disinfect the skin before injection? a. alcohol b. povidone iodine c. 70% ethanol

c. 70% ethanol

a boy had a cut on his middle finger, which of the following to be avoided? a. 50% hypochlorites b. Crystal violet c. Alcohol

a. 50% hypochlorites

There is blood spoilage on the floor from a HbsAg + patient, which of the following disinfectants is used? a. 10% hypochlorite b. glutaraldehyde

a. 10% hypochlorite | B= used for disinfection of scopes and NOT blood spillage

a patient presented w/diarrhea, elevated cAmp levels were detected in the small intestine, what most likely would be the cause? a. cholera O1 b. cholera non-01

a. cholera O1

a patient presented bloody diarrhea, what is the most probable cause? a. EHEC b. ETEC c. shigella

a. EHEC

A 30 years old man presented w/bilateral inguinal buboes, which of the following pathogen is the probable cause? a. Haemophilis ducreyi b. Chlamydia trachomatis

b. Chlamydia trachomatis | a= usually unilateral

which of the following causes intrauterine infection? a. HIV b. Parvovirus B19 c. HSV

b. Parvovirus B19

which of the following methods is used to screen syphilis? a. TAPHA b. RPR

b. RPR

which of the following have a live attenuated vaccine? a. salk polio b. VZV c. rubella

b. VZV

which of the following characterizes sepsis? a. Can present as adult respiratory distress syndrome b. Can be treated with antibiotics

a. Can present as adult respiratory distress syndrome

what is given as prophylaxis if you are exposed to a patient w/swine flu (H1N1)?

Oseltamivir

which of the following is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor? a. Didanosine b. Nevirapine c. Efavirenz d. Oseltamivir

a. Didanosine | B&C=non-RTI's

Which antiviral drug is a neuraminidase inhibitor? a. Didanosine b. Maraviroc c. Efavirenz d. Oseltamivir

d. Oseltamivir

which of the following pathogens causes meningitis in HIV patient?

Cryptococcus neoformans

which of the following best describe recombinant vaccine? a. vaccine inactivated and injected b. the gene coding for an antigen is expressed on a vector c. antigen inserted, our cells express them and get immunized

b. the gene coding for an antigen is expressed on a vector | recombinant vaccine used for HBV

which of the following fungi characterized by broad-based budding yeast cells? a. Histoplasma capsulatum b. Bastomyces dermatitidis

b. Bastomyces dermatitidis