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PSYCO 223 > 2.3 > Flashcards

2.3 Flashcards

1
Q

Neonates

A

Newborns

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2
Q

What is CRH

A

Corticotropin releasing hormone

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3
Q

What does CRH do

A

Triggers the release of hormones and the process that leads to birth

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4
Q

What causes contractions

A

When oxytocin hormone levels become high enough

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5
Q

Braxton-hicks contractions

A

Also called false labor

After 4th mo, uterus starts contracting occasionally to ready for delivery

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6
Q

How many stages of labour are there

A

Three

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7
Q

Which stage of labour is longest

A

First

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8
Q

Describe contraction frequency throughout three stages of labour

A

First - every 8-10min, last 30 sec
Gradually shorten between, and increase duration
3rd - every 2 min, last 2 min

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9
Q

How long does second stage of labour last

A

90 minutes

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10
Q

Episiotomy

A

Incision made between vagina and rectum, to increase size for baby to pass through. Less commonplace now

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11
Q

When does second stage of labor end?

A

When baby completely leave the moms body

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12
Q

What is the shortest stage of labour

A

Third

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13
Q

What happens in the third stage of labour

A

Umbilical cord and placenta are expelled from mother

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14
Q

Apgar scale

A

Standard measurement system that looks for a variety of indications of good health in newborns

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15
Q

What five factors are measure in the apgar scale

A 
appearance/color
pulse/heart rate
grimace/reflex irritability
activity/muscle tone
respiration/respiratory effort
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16
Q

What happens if a newborn scores 7 or under on apgar scale?

A

They need help to start breathing

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17
Q

What happens if a newborn scores under 4 on apgar scale?

A

They need immediate life saving intervention

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18
Q

How can the process of birth give the child defects?

A

Umbilical cord can wrap around babys head and deprive them of oxygen

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19
Q

Anoxia

A

Restriction of oxygen to the baby that lasts a few minutes and causes brain damage

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20
Q

Bonding

A

Close physical and emotional contact between parent and child during the period immediately following birth

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21
Q

T/F there is a critical bonding period between mother and child after birth, and if it doesn’t happen then, the relationship forever suffers

A

False

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22
Q

When are midwives chosen over OBGYNS and physicians?

A

When the baby is expected to have no complications

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23
Q

T/F midwifery is regulated in Canada

A

True

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24
Q

Midwife

A

A nurse specializing in childbirth

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25
Doula
Someone who provides emotional, psychological, and educational support during birth They do not do medical exams
26
T/F doulas are regulated in Canada
False
27
Epidural anesthesia
Produces numbness from waist down
28
Traditional episorals
Immobilize the woman and can prevent them from pushing the baby
29
walking/dual spinal epidural
Uses smaller needles and administers doses continuously. Permits more free movement and less side effects
30
Why does use of epidurals vary across the country
People have different levels of access to them
31
What is more common in canada, home births, or hospital births?
Hospital births
32
T/F using pain reducing drugs has long term effects on the infant
False
33
Preterm infants
Infant born before 37weeks. High risk for illness and death
34
Low-birth weight infants
Infants who weigh less than 5.5 pounds at birth
35
Small for gestational age infants
Infants who weigh 90% or lower of average weight of infants of same gestational age
36
T/F the majority of preterm infants do not develop normally
False
37
Very low birth weight infants
Infants who weigh less than 1250 grams or left the womb before 30weeks
38
Kangaroo care
Babies are held skin to skin to the parents chest. Helps infants develop
39
T/F massaging infants helps the, grow
True. it triggers release of growth hormones, helps them cope with stress
40
What causes preterm and low birth weight deliveries?
``` Multiple birth young/old mother Getting pregnant within 6mo of last delivery Fathers age Health of mom ```
41
Postmature infants
Infants still unborn two weeks after the moms due date
42
Caesarean delivery
Baby is surgically removed from uterus
43
Why is a c-section more lily to occur
``` Baby shows distress Vagina starts bleeding Old mother Baby in breech position Baby in transverse position ```
44
Breech position
Feet first
45
Transverse position
Baby lies crosswise in uterus
46
Fetal monitors
Monitor babys heartbeat during labour
47
T/F why are fetal monitors not used as regularly anymore?
They can prompt doctors to use c-section even when it really isn't necessary
48
Stillbirth
Delivery of dead baby
49
How common is stillbirth
Less than 1 in 100
50
Infant mortality
Death within first year of life
51
Postpartum depression
A period of deep depression following birth of child
52
What increases risk of postpartum depression
People who have history of depression People unprepared for range of emotions following birth Hormonal swings
53
What effects does maternal depression have on children?
Babies show little positive emotion, withdraw
54
Reflexes
unlearned, organized, involuntary response to certain stimuli
55
Describe a neonates visual acuity
Not fully developed, but they like looking at complex things and can detect movement They like looking at blue and green
56
Describe a newborns auditory acuity
They still have amniotic fluid in middle ear which needs to drain before they can fully hear They’ll cry if they hear other newborns crying, but stop if they hear a recording of themselves crying
57
Describe a newborns olfactory acuity
They suck and increase activity if you put peppermint near nose
58
Describe a newborns taste acuity
They pucker up if you put something sour on their moth
59
Circumcision
Surgical removal of foreskin from penis, often done shortly after birth
60
T/F circumcision protects against STDs and HIV
True
61
T/F circumcision decrease risk of UTI’s
True
62
T/F circumcision reduces risk of penile cancer
True
63
Classical conditioning
Organism learns to respond a particular way to a neutral stimulus
64
Operant condition
The strength of a voluntary behavior is either increased or decreased through association with positive or negative consequences
65
Habituation
Repeated exposure to a stimulus decreases intensity of response
66
Orienting response
When a newborn is presented with a novel stimulus, they become quiet and attentive, but soon the novelty wears off m they no longer react
67
T/F babies can imitate facial; expressions
~ | Research on this is not conclusive.their “imitation” may just be exploratory behavior

PSYCO 223 (13 decks)

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