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Step 2 > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

What are the neurotransmitter changes in Alzheimer disease?

A

Decreased ACh

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2
Q

What are the neurotransmitter changes in Anxiety?

A
  • Increased NE

- Decreased GABA and 5-HT

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3
Q

What are the neurotransmitter changes in Depression?

A

Decreased NE, 5-HT and DA

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4
Q

What are the neurotransmitter changes in Huntington disease?

A
  • Increased DA

- Decreased GABA and ACh

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5
Q

What are the neurotransmitter changes in Parkinson disease?

A
  • Increased ACh and 5-HT

- Decreased DA

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6
Q

What are the neurotransmitter changes in Schizophrenia?

A

Increased DA

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7
Q

Malingering

A
  • Consciously attempts to deceive
  • Chief goal is secondary gain like avoiding work, getting money
  • Complaints stop after they get the gain
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8
Q

Factitious disorders

A
  • Consciously attempts to deceive
  • Chief goal is primary gain, attention
  • Types = Munchausen and Munchausen by proxy
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9
Q

Somatic disorders

A
  • Unconscious
  • Physical symptoms without a clear cause
  • More common in women
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10
Q

Somatic symptom disorder

A

Variety of complaints that last months to years, affecting one or more organ system

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11
Q

Sudden loss of sensory or motor function after an acute stressor, patient is aware but indifferent to the symptoms

A

Conversion disorder

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12
Q

What is the preferred treatment for ADHD?

A

Methylphenidate

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13
Q

What is the preferred treatment for Anxiety?

A

SSRI, SNRI or buspirone

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14
Q

What is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder?

A
  • Mood stabilizers = Lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine

- Atypical antipsychotics

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15
Q

What is the preferred treatment for bulimia, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, PTSD, and social phobias?

A

SSRIs = #1

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16
Q

What is the preferred treatment for schizophrenia and Tourette syndrome?

A

Antipsychotics

17
Q

What are the two categories of the typical antipsychotics?

A

Low and High potency

18
Q

What’s the mechanism of action of low potency typical antipsychotics?

A
  • Block D2 receptors
  • Block muscarinic receptors
  • Block alpha 1 receptors
  • Block histamine receptors
19
Q

What are the common side effects of the low potency antipsychotics?

A

-Anticholinergic: Sedation, dry mouth, ileus, urinary retention

20
Q

What are the 2 most common low potency typical antipsychotics?

A
  1. Chlorpromazine

2. Thioridazine

21
Q

What are the 5 high potency typical antipsychotics?

A
  1. Haloperidol
  2. Fluphenazine
  3. Loxapine
  4. Thiothixine
  5. Trifluoperazine
22
Q

What are the most common side effects of the high potency typical antipsychotics?

A
  • Less Anticholinergic SE
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms
  • Tardive dyskinesia
  • Neuroleptic malignant sydrome
23
Q

What are the 5 major atypical antipsychotics?

A
  1. Olanzapine
  2. Quetiapine
  3. Risperidone
  4. Aripiprazole
  5. Clozapine
24
Q

What are the side effects of atypical antipsychotics?

A
  1. Less EPS and Anti-ACh SE

2. Weight gain due to 5-HT blocking

25
Q

What are the side effects of Clozapine?

A

-Agranulocytosis = Must monitor CBC weekly

26
Q

Which type of antipsychotic is better for negative symptoms?

A

Atypicals

27
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Buspirone?

A

Stimulates 5-HT1A receptors

28
Q

What are some benefits to buspirone therapy?

A

Does not cause sedation, addiction, tolerance, nor does it interact with Alcohol

29
Q

What are the SSRI drugs?

A

Fluoxitine, paroxitine, sertraline, citalopram

30
Q

What are the SNRI drugs?

A

Venlafaxine, duloxetine

31
Q

What are the TCA drugs?

A

Amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine

32
Q

What are the MAOi drugs?

A

Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline

33
Q

What is unique about bupropion?

A

No sexual side effects

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