2.4 - motivation and demotivation

Question 1

briefly summarize/explain 3 motivation theories
- taylor, maslow, herzberg

Question 2

Herzberg hygiene factors & motivators

Answer 2

hygiene factors: good working conditions, security, salary/wages, company regulation/rules

motivators: job enlargement/enrichment/empowerment, promotion, recognition, responsibility

Question 3

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 3

when people are compelled to act because of the rewards offered from an outside individual (reward must be valuable and achievable)

Question 4

Salary = a fixed annual amount of money, usually paid per month
Wages = a financial payment based on time or output (piece rate - directly related to productivity)
Commission = workers are paid a percentage of the product sales they are responsible for
Profit pay = workers are renumerated with a certain percentage/amount of the annual profits that the firm earns
Performance-related pay = rewards people who meet set targets over a period of time
Fringe payments = financial rewards paid in addition to a worker’s wages or salaries like housing allowance/health benefits/holiday pay

Question 5

Employee-share ownership schemes (financial rewards)

Answer 5

rewards employees, managers & directions by giving them shares in the company or selling the shares at a discounted price

Question 6

Non-financial reward examples
- job enrichment/enlargement/empowerment
- job rotation (type of job enlargement)
- purpose/teamwork

Question 7

Intrinsic motivation = when people engage in activity because of their own desires because they find it fun/challenging

Question 8

On-the-job training = training carried out at the workplace

pro: cheaper/relevant to firm’s needs
con: might pick up bad habits from trainer/trainers can’t conduct their normal work

Question 9

Induction training = training aimed at introducing new employees to the org.

pros: establish clear working expectations/morale is boosted when staff feel welcomed
cons: information overload/length can be too long

Question 10

Off-the-job training = training conducted off-site/away from workplace

pros: access to external experts/networking
cons: loss of output/productivity