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Uncategorized > LP IV > Flashcards

LP IV Flashcards

1
Q

plane joint

A

sliding movements. NONAXIAL

ex: intercarpal, intertarsal, vertebrocostal joints

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2
Q

hinge joint

A

one bone fits into the concave surface of another to allow movement in one plane - flexion & extension. UNIAXIAL

ex: elbow & interphalangeal

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3
Q

pivot joint

A

rounted surface of one bone articulates with a shallow depression in another. allows uniaxial rotation UNIAXIAL

ex: proximal radioulnar joint, atlantoaxial joint

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4
Q

condyloid joint

A

oval condyle of one bone fits into an ellipsoidal depression in another, BIAXIAL

ex: radiocarpal (wrist) joint, metacarpophalangeal joint (knuckles)

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5
Q

saddle joint

A

articulating surfaces are saddle-shaped, one surface is convex, the other surface is concave. BIAXIAL.

ex: thumb metacarpal + trapezium of wrist

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6
Q

ball & socket joint

A

ball shaped head of one bone fits into cup like depression of another. allows movement in all directions and pivotal rotation. MULTIAXIAL

ex: shoulder, hip joint.

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7
Q

flexion

A

bending forward at the hip, bending knee or elbow

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8
Q

extension

A

straightening knee or elbow (opposite of flexion)

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9
Q

abduction

A

moving a limb away from the midline - such as fanning movement of fingers or toes when spread apart

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10
Q

adduction

A

movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, like drawing fingers and toes together

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11
Q

rotation

A

ball & socket joints, movement of atlas around odontoid process of the axis

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12
Q

circumduction

A

ball & socket joints like shoulder - proximal end of lib stays stationary, distal end moves in a circle. limb as a whole outlines a cone. condyloid & saddle joints also allow circumduction.

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13
Q

pronation

A

movement of the palm of the hand from anterior to posterior position - distal end of the radius moves across the ulna

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14
Q

supination

A

movement of the palm from a posterior position to an anterior position - radius & ulna are parallel

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15
Q

FOOT: inversion

A

move foot inward toward midline

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16
Q

FOOT: eversion

A

move foot outward away from midline

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17
Q

FOOT: dorsiflexion

A

standing on your heels

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18
Q

FOOT: plantar flexion

A

standing on your toes

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19
Q

origin

A

stationary, immovable, or less moveable attachment

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20
Q

insertion

A

moveable attachment

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21
Q

diaphragm location & function

A

location: floor of thoracic cavity.

performs important function in respiration - as diaphragm contracts, volume of thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs. increases volume of thoracic cavity and creates a suction that draws air into the lungs.

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22
Q

internal intercostal location & function

A

location: 11 pairs of muscles lie between the ribs, run at right angles to external intercostals.

draws ribs together to depress rib cage, aid in forced expiration (exhale), antagonistic to external intercostals.

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23
Q

external intercostal location & function

A

location: 11 pairs lie between ribs, run obliquely downward and forward toward sternum.

pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage, aid in inspiration (breathe in)

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24
Q

temporalis

A

closes jaw

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25
Q

masseter

A

prime mover of jaw closure

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26
Q

epicranius

A

raises eyebrows, moves head back

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27
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyes

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28
Q

zygomaticus

A

smile muscle

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29
Q

orbicularis oris

A

closes lips (kiss/whistle)

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30
Q

platysma

A

main neck muscle, tenses skin of neck

31
Q

sternohyoid

A

elevates & retracts hyoid bone

32
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

flexion of neck forward, rotates neck

33
Q

deltoid

A

primary mover of arm abduction (away)

34
Q

pectoralis minor

A

draws scapula forward and inferiorly

35
Q

pectoralis major

A

prime mover of arm flexion, adducts, medially rotates arm

36
Q

serratus anterior

A

rotates scapula

37
Q

intercostals

A

internal - draws ribs together to depress rib cage (expiration)

external - pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage (inspiration)

38
Q

triceps brachii

A

forearm extensor

39
Q

biceps brachii

A

flexion of elbow and supination of forearm - turns cork

40
Q

brachialis

A

major flexor of forearm

41
Q

pronator teres

A

pronate forearm

42
Q

brachioradialis

A

synergist in forearm flexion, flexes forearm at the elbow

43
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A

flexor of wrist, abducts hand

44
Q

palmaris longus

A

tenses skin and fascia of palm

45
Q

rectus abdominis

A

flexes/rotates vertebral column

46
Q

external oblique

A

compresses abdominal wall, trunk rotation & lateral flexion

47
Q

internal oblique

A

same as external oblique

48
Q

transversus abdominis

A

compresses abdominal contents

49
Q

iliopsoas

A

flex trunk on thigh, flex thigh, lateral flexion of vertebral column

50
Q

pectineus

A

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

51
Q

tensor fasciae latae

A

steadies trunk

52
Q

sartorius

A

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee

53
Q

adductor longus

A

adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

54
Q

gracilis

A

adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

55
Q

rector femoris

A

extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

56
Q

vastus lateralis

A

extends and stabilizes knee

57
Q

vastus medialis

A

extends knee

58
Q

fibularis longus

A

plantar flexion and everts (outward rotation) foot

59
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

prime mover of toe extension

60
Q

tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexion

61
Q

gastrocnemius

A

plantar flexes foot

62
Q

soleus

A

plantar flexion

63
Q

epicranius occipital belly

A

pulls head back

64
Q

teres major + minor

A

major: extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerus
minor: rotates arm laterally

65
Q

rhomboid major

A

stabilize scapula

66
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm

67
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A

extends and abducts wrist

68
Q

extensor digitorum

A

prime mover of finger extension

69
Q

gluteus medius

A

abducts and rotates thigh

70
Q

gluteus maximus

A

thigh extensor

71
Q

illiotibial tract

A

IT band- lateral knee stabilization

72
Q

hamstrings - biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

A

extends thigh, flexes knee

73
Q

fibularis longus

A

plantar flexes and everts foot

74
Q

calcaneal (achilles)

A

hoping, walking, running

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