2.8 Identify Basic Networking Concepts Flashcards

Question

What is the **maximum length** for fiber-optic cables?

Answer 1

~100 kilometers (62 miles) ## Footnote This allows for extensive network coverage.

Answer 2

Convenience ## Footnote Wireless networks allow users to work from anywhere.

Answer 3

IEEE 802.11 ## Footnote This standard encompasses various Wi-Fi technologies.

Answer 4

* 802.11n * 802.11ac * 802.11ax ## Footnote Understanding these standards is crucial for network performance.

Answer 5

9600 Mbps ## Footnote Wi-Fi 6 offers significant improvements over previous generations.

Answer 6

35 m ## Footnote Range can vary based on environmental factors.

Answer 7

46 Gbps ## Footnote Wi-Fi 7 is expected to provide extremely high speeds.

Answer 8

15 m ## Footnote Wi-Fi 6E operates on the 6 GHz band, which has a shorter range.

Answer 9

Attenuation ## Footnote Attenuation refers to the weakening of signals over distance.

Answer 10

About 15 meters ## Footnote Users may lose connection if devices lose line of sight.

Answer 11

162 kilometers (100 miles) ## Footnote At night, AM radio signals can bounce off the atmosphere and reach three times as far.

Answer 12

Lowers the data rate ## Footnote Microwave ovens and electrical motors are particularly harsh on wireless signals.

Answer 13

* Wi-Fi 5: 300 Mbps to 1.7 Gbps * Wi-Fi 6: 600 Mbps to 4.8 Gbps ## Footnote Real-world testing shows these speeds can vary.

Answer 14

FALSE ## Footnote It's impractical to build a network using outdated technology like 802.11g/n.

Answer 15

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) ## Footnote This method is similar to the CDMA/CD access method used in Ethernet.

Answer 16

* 802.11n * 802.11ac (Wi-Fi 5) * 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6) ## Footnote Wi-Fi 7 is available but not included in the Tech+ Exam objectives.

Answer 17

attenuation ## Footnote Higher frequencies also result in shorter distances.

Answer 18

Wireless personal area network (WPAN) ## Footnote It is not suitable for setting up a wireless network for an office.

Answer 19

* Smartphones * Mice * Keyboards * Headsets * Speakers * Printers ## Footnote Bluetooth is ideal for connecting various wireless devices to a computer.

Answer 20

An adapter ## Footnote Most laptops come with built-in Bluetooth capabilities, but desktops may not.

Answer 21

10 meters ## Footnote Most mobile Bluetooth devices are classified as Class 2.

Answer 22

2.4 GHz ## Footnote Bluetooth can signal hop at different frequencies to avoid conflicts.

Answer 23

FALSE ## Footnote Bluetooth networks are formed on an ad hoc basis, allowing direct communication between devices.

Answer 24

piconet ## Footnote A Bluetooth-enabled device can communicate with up to seven other devices in one piconet.

Answer 25

television remote control ## Footnote Infrared is also used in night-vision goggles and medical imaging.

Answer 26

walk-up, point-to-point ## Footnote This means devices need to be at very close range to communicate.

Answer 27

line of sight ## Footnote Devices generally need to be pointed at each other for infrared communication.

Answer 28

1 Gbps ## Footnote Infrared does not use radio waves, so there are no concerns of interference.

Answer 29

about 1 meter ## Footnote Atmospheric conditions can disrupt infrared waves, but weather is unlikely to cause problems.

Answer 30

FALSE ## Footnote The limited range and directional nature of infrared make hacking prospects low.

Answer 31

About 1 meter ## Footnote This is in contrast to consumer electronics remote controls, which can operate at distances of 15-20 feet.

Answer 32

RC-5 protocol ## Footnote Developed by Philips in the late 1980s.

Answer 33

* Hardware * Protocol ## Footnote The protocol is the communication language used by computers to talk to each other.

Answer 34

* Modems * Switches * Access points * Routers * Firewalls ## Footnote These devices manage communication between computers on a network.

Answer 35

Connect to a network via telephone lines ## Footnote Modems convert digital signals from a computer into analog signals for transmission.

Answer 36

* Switch examines data packets and forwards them to the correct port * Hub passes along all traffic ## Footnote This difference improves performance by reducing overhead.

Answer 37

* Connection status * Traffic activity * Connection problems ## Footnote A green light typically indicates a normal connection, while an amber light may indicate a problem.

Answer 38

networks ## Footnote Switches are often confused with hubs but have better performance characteristics.

Answer 39

Media Access Control (MAC) address ## Footnote The MAC address is used by switches to direct traffic based on the destination computer.

Answer 40

A point that allows a user to connect to a network ## Footnote Access points are commonly used in wireless networking and connect back to a wired network.

Answer 41

* Routers connect multiple network types * Routers use logical IP addresses for routing * Routers can connect more devices than switches ## Footnote Routers are more advanced than switches and use routing tables to store network addresses.

Answer 42

Filter inbound and outbound network traffic ## Footnote Firewalls operate based on rules defined by the administrator, known as an access control list (ACL).

Answer 43

FALSE ## Footnote Firewalls can be software-based, hardware-based, or a combination of both.

Answer 44

* Network-based firewall * Host-based firewall ## Footnote A network-based firewall protects an entire network, while a host-based firewall protects individual devices.

Answer 45

wired router ## Footnote Wireless routers provide connectivity like wired routers but are designed for wireless connections.

Answer 46

Default deny ## Footnote This means all traffic is blocked unless specifically authorized by the administrator.

Answer 47

A firewall that protects only one computer, usually a software solution ## Footnote An example is Microsoft Defender Firewall, which is built into Windows.

Answer 48

To separate public versus private networks and create a screened subnet ## Footnote Network-based firewalls typically have at least two network connections: one to the Internet and one to the internal network.

Answer 49

An intermediary network between two firewalls, connecting both public and private networks ## Footnote It can be used for servers like web and email servers.

Answer 50

Local Area Network, a small network usually confined to one office or building ## Footnote Requires at least two devices and can include switches, hubs, and access points.

Answer 51

Wide Area Network, a larger network connecting two or more LANs across multiple geographical areas ## Footnote Requires the use of a router and typically has dedicated connections.

Answer 52

LAN connections are generally faster than WAN connections ## Footnote Historically, WAN connections were slower, but advancements in broadband and fiber-optic technology have improved WAN speeds.

Answer 53

Metropolitan Area Network ## Footnote It encompasses a town or city.

Answer 54

* Location of network segments * Connection speed between segments ## Footnote If segments are co-located and have fast connections, it's likely a LAN; if they are in different places with slower connections, it's a WAN.

Answer 55

Deciding whether to use a router to connect to the Internet or another network ## Footnote This decision impacts how the LAN interacts with external networks.

Answer 56

Securing the connections between sites ## Footnote Security is crucial due to the larger geographical spread and potential vulnerabilities.

Answer 57

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure ## Footnote HTTPS encrypts data in transit, making it secure for activities like entering passwords or financial information.

Answer 58

FTP ## Footnote FTP is specifically designed for file downloads.

Answer 59

* POP3 * IMAP * SMTP ## Footnote POP3 and IMAP are used to receive email, while SMTP is used to send email.

Answer 60

TRUE ## Footnote Basic network services often share the name of the protocol used.

Answer 61

A unique address for each device on a TCP/IP network ## Footnote Any device with an IP address is referred to as a host.

Answer 62

IPv4 ## Footnote IPv4 is a 32-bit hierarchical address typically written in dotted-decimal notation.

Answer 63

dotted-decimal ## Footnote An example of an IP address in dotted-decimal notation is 192.168.10.55.

Answer 64

32 bits ## Footnote Each number in the dotted-decimal notation represents 8 bits, also known as an octet.

Answer 65

11000000 10101000 00001010 00110111 ## Footnote This is how the computer interprets the IP address.

Answer 66

Any device with an IP address ## Footnote Hosts can include servers, workstations, printers, and routers.

Answer 67

To route packets between local networks and on the Internet ## Footnote Hierarchical addressing allows for organized network management and delivery.

Answer 68

Logical addresses ## Footnote IP addresses can be changed, unlike physical MAC addresses.

Answer 69

A physical address that does not change ## Footnote MAC addresses are not used in a hierarchical fashion.

Answer 70

The broader location in the address hierarchy ## Footnote This helps in organizing networks logically.

Answer 71

* Network ID * Host ID ## Footnote The network portion comes before the host portion.

Answer 72

TRUE ## Footnote This is essential for proper communication within the network.

Answer 73

This network ## Footnote It cannot be set for a valid host ID.

Answer 74

All hosts on this network (broadcast address) ## Footnote It cannot be used as a valid host ID.

Answer 75

To differentiate between the network ID and the host ID ## Footnote It is written like an IP address.

Answer 76

255 ## Footnote It indicates that all bits in the octet are set to 1.

Answer 77

192.168.10 ## Footnote The last octet (55) is the unique host ID.

Answer 78

The router that connects your network to the outside world ## Footnote It forwards messages to different networks.

Answer 79

* An IP address * A correct subnet mask ## Footnote A default gateway is also required for connecting to other networks.

Answer 80

To identify the specific application or process ## Footnote Ports are based on the Process/Application layer protocol.

Answer 81

The combination of the host's IP address and the port number ## Footnote It is essential for communication between hosts.

Answer 82

Your house ## Footnote It indicates where the data is sent.

Answer 83

Port 443 ## Footnote Different applications use different ports for communication.

Answer 84

65,536 ## Footnote Ports are numbered from 0 to 65535.

Answer 85

0 to 1023 ## Footnote These ports are assigned to commonly used services.

Answer 86

1024 to 49151 ## Footnote These ports are used by registered applications.

Answer 87

49152 to 65535 ## Footnote These ports are free to be used by application vendors.

Answer 88

80 ## Footnote HTTP is used for web browsing (not secure).

Answer 89

443 ## Footnote HTTPS is used for secure web browsing.

Answer 90

* 20 * 21 ## Footnote FTP is used for file transfer.

Answer 91

25 ## Footnote SMTP is used for sending emails.

Answer 92

110 ## Footnote POP3 is used for receiving emails.

Answer 93

143 ## Footnote IMAP4 is also used for receiving emails.

Answer 94

A logical address that can be changed ## Footnote It identifies a device on a network.

Answer 95

A physical address built into the NIC that can't be changed ## Footnote It uniquely identifies a network interface.

Answer 96

Channels to identify a service ## Footnote They help direct traffic to the correct application.

Answer 97

1973 ## Footnote It has been widely used for over 50 years.

Answer 98

Ran out of available network addresses ## Footnote Only about 250 million addresses are usable.

Answer 99

32 bits ## Footnote This allows for nearly 4.3 billion addresses.

Answer 100

128 bits ## Footnote This provides for 3.4 × 10^38 addresses.

Answer 101

TRUE ## Footnote Networks can migrate to IPv6 without complete restructuring.

Answer 102

Examples of IPv4 address, subnet mask, MAC address, and IPv6 address ## Footnote It provides network configuration details.

Answer 103

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ## Footnote It assigns IP addresses to devices on a network.

Answer 104

Domain Name System ## Footnote It translates domain names into IP addresses.

Answer 105

* File server * Network-attached storage (NAS) ## Footnote Understanding these types is essential for comparing and contrasting storage types.

Answer 106

A server specialized to store user files ## Footnote It can be a dedicated or nondedicated server and requires lots of hard drive space.

Answer 107

Lots of hard drive space ## Footnote File servers often have multiple optical drives as well.

Answer 108

* Servers * Clients (workstations) ## Footnote Client/server models offer centralized security and resources but require more administration.

Answer 109

TRUE ## Footnote Peer-to-peer networks, also called workgroups, are practical for managing up to about 10 computers.

Answer 110

Network-attached storage ## Footnote NAS devices enhance hard drive storage by being attached to the network.

Answer 111

* Mobile devices with limited space * Laptop users with small SSDs * Multiple users needing access to data ## Footnote Network storage options provide solutions for various storage needs.

Answer 112

Centralized security and resources ## Footnote This model requires more administration compared to peer-to-peer networks.

Answer 113

Requires more administration ## Footnote This can be a drawback compared to peer-to-peer networks.

2.8 Identify Basic Networking Concepts Flashcards

(137 cards)