2.8. London And Rio: Two Contrasting Cities

Question 1

Rio: North Zone

Answer 1

• industrial part of Rio including the port (docks and warehouses) - influenced by the coastal area
• airport and main football stadium ( the Macarenã) - land is flatter and next to a motorway for travel
• low quality housing with poor services dominate towards the periphery - lots of favela, good distance from the CBD

Question 2

Rio: Central Zone

Answer 2

• oldest part of Rio- historic centre including the Imperial Palace and cathedral
• retailing and tall office blocks dominate - central area for commuters (motorway/airport)
• some of Brazil’s largest organisations have their headquarters here, including Petrobas (Brazil’s largest oil company)- easy access- local airport, motorway, industrial area

Question 3

Rio: West Zone

Answer 3

• most modern area or Rio
• formerly a lower class area but now associated with luxury apartment blocks, shopping malls, new motorways and tourist facilities
• main 2016 Olympic stadiums- lots of land space, motorway
• evidence of gentrificatiin

Question 4

Rio: South Zone

Answer 4

• most socially and economically polarised area of Rio
• Rocinha, South America’s largest favela, overlooks the main beaches, tourist hotels and high rise luxury apartments- fortress development
• coastal area, Sugar Loaf Mountain

Question 5

London: CBD

Answer 5

• city of London is the heart of world’s leading financial, business and maritime centre with a range of business orientated land uses, including offices, retail and hotels
• Canary Wharf, 4km east of city has formed a second CBD as it is home to London’s tallest buildings and houses large corporations and agencies
• surrounding boroughs are dominated by large residential areas supported by own retail and service facilities
• 36% of London’s land use is residential, 25% is green land

Question 6

London: Inner City

Answer 6

• In Industrial Revolution, factories and densely packed terraced housing were built close to central London.
• Some of the inner suburbs and industrial areas are being replaced by modern developments as land value is high- contains some of London’s most varied parts
• 1km west of London’s west end of Kensington- on the edge of Hyde Park one of world’s most expensive suburbs
• 1km east is Hackney- area of older factories but with newer flats replacing them- area is changing rapidly

Question 7

London: Inner Suburbs

Answer 7

• Some of the inner suburbs and industrial areas being replaced by modern developments because of value of land

Question 8

London: Outer Suburbs/ Rural-Urban Fringe

Answer 8

• Area starts to become the rural-urban fringe
• Where city meets the countryside e.g. Loughton, almost every house has a garden- building density is lower
• Some industry, mostly residential
• Better accessibility- next to M25

Question 9

London: Suburbs in General

Answer 9

• House sizing increases in these areas
• Houses are newer- often inter-war
• Attractive to families
• Expansion of the underground system allowed people to live further from the city