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Physiology > Chapter 6: The Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 6: The Skeletal System Flashcards

0
Q

The membranous outer covering of a long bone is..?

A

Periosteum

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1
Q

What are the 6 functions of bone?

A
  1. ) Support
  2. ) Protection
  3. ) Assisting in movement
  4. ) Mineral homeostasis
  5. ) Production of blood cells(hemopoiesis)
  6. ) Triglyceride storage
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2
Q

The method of ossification forming most bones is..?

A

Endochondral

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3
Q

The enlarged ends of a bone are..?

A

Epiphyses

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4
Q

Articular cartilage is an example of this cartilage type..

A

Hyaline

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5
Q

The center of an osteon which carries blood vessels longitudinally through bone

A

Haversion canal

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6
Q

The shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

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7
Q

Rings of bony tissue filled with minerals and surrounding the Haversion canal

A

Lamellae

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8
Q

Mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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9
Q

Bone that contains numerous air spaces between cells

A

Spongy

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10
Q

Microscopic cavities in bone containing osteocytes

A

Lacunae

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11
Q

A space in bone which contains marrow

A

Medullary canal

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12
Q

Bone forming cells

A

Epithelial

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13
Q

Very dense bone with no air spaces between cells

A

Compact

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14
Q

Small channels connecting lacunae with each other

A

Canaliculi

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15
Q

The unit of structure in compact bone

A

Haversion system

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16
Q

The mineral part of bone

A

Matrix

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17
Q

The “growth area” in bones where epiphysis joins diaphysis

A

Epiphyseal plate

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18
Q

Bone is an example of this major tissue type

A

Connective

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19
Q

Bone disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures

A

Osteoporosis

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20
Q

Which 3 bones fuse together to form the hip bones?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis

21
Q

What type of bone forms most of the epiphysis of long bones and consists of trabeculae that surround spaces filled with red bone marrow?

A

Spongy

22
Q

What name is given to the formation of bone?

A

Ossification

23
Q

Which bone is the only movable one in the skull?

A

Mandible

24
Q

The ribs and cranial bones are classified as what type of bone?

A

Flat

25
Q

What condition results from a sideways bending of the vertebral column?

A

Scoliosis

26
Q

What are the units of structure in compact bone with little space between them?

A

Osteon/ Haversion system

27
Q

In a typical long bone, what type of cartilage is the articulate cartilage composed of?

A

Hyaline

28
Q

What bones make up the pectoral girdle?

A

Scapula and cavicle

29
Q

Yellow bone marrow is located in the ______ of a bone and consists mainly of _____?

A

Diaphysis, adipose(fat)

30
Q

What bone disorder occurs when bone destruction outpaces bone formation due to the depletion of calcium?

A

Osteoporosis

31
Q

What name is given to the 7 pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum by means of costal cartilage?

A

True ribs

32
Q

What name is given to the center of an osteon that carries blood vessels longitudinally through the bone?

A

Central canal/ Haversion canal

33
Q

Which bone is the largest, strongest, and heaviest?

A

Femur

34
Q

What name is given to the shaft of a bone?

A

Diaphysis

35
Q

The bones of the thighs, forearms, and fingers are classified as what type of bone?

A

Long bones

36
Q

What are the neck vertebrae called?

A

Cervical

37
Q

In an osteon, what name is given to the rings of hard, calcified matrix that surround the central canal?

A

Concentric lamellae

38
Q

Name the hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.

A

Foramen magnum

39
Q

Where does bone growth occur in a long bone?

A

Epiphyseal plate

40
Q

The nasal bone, maxilla, mandible are part of what group of bones?

A

Facial

41
Q

What method of ossification forms most bones?

A

Endochondral

42
Q

Cleft palate occurs when what bones fails to unite?

A

Maxillae

43
Q

Name the region of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis.

A

Metaphysics

44
Q

Which bone located under the jaw does not articulate with any other bone?

A

Hyoid

45
Q

Name the scroll-like bones in the nasal cavity whose job it is to filter air before it gets to the lungs.

A

Conchae

46
Q

Name the “soft spots” in the cranium of a child that are not completely ossified.

A

Fontanelles

47
Q

What name is given to the spaces in compact bone that contain osteocytes?

A

Lacunae

48
Q

What type of group of bones does the temporal bone belong?

A

Cranial

49
Q

What name is given to the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?

A

Endosteum

Physiology (27 decks)

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