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Physiology > Chapter 15: The Heart > Flashcards

Chapter 15: The Heart Flashcards

0
Q

This ventricle pumps blood to the lungs

A

Right ventricle

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1
Q

Arteries and veins arise from this portion of the heart

A

Base

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2
Q

Scientific name for a heart attack

A

Myocardial Infarction

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3
Q

The P wave of the electrocardiogram represents this event

A

Atrial depolarization

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4
Q

The first heart sound (Lubb) is caused by closure of these valves

A

AV

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5
Q

Name the parts of the pericardium

A

Fibrous, serous

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6
Q

The outermost layer of the pericardium

A

Fibrous

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7
Q

The layer of the pericardium that is adjacent to the heart muscle

A

Visceral

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8
Q

When the atria are in systole the ventricles are in_______?

A

Dystole

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9
Q

When the ventricles are in systole the AV valve is (open/closed)?

A

Closed

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10
Q

The main function of the heart valves

A

Prevent backflow of the blood

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11
Q

The T wave of the ECG indicates this event

A

Repolarization

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12
Q

Venous blood (without oxygen) returns to this CHAMBER

A

Right atrium

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13
Q

The coronary arteries take blood to this location

A

Heart

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14
Q

Hardening of the walls of arteries from smooth muscle proliferation and cholesterol deposit

A

Atherosclerosis

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15
Q

Condition caused by reduced blood flow to the myocardium

A

Myocardial ischemia

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16
Q

Irregular heart rhythm

A

Arrhythmia

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17
Q

Opening in the septum between the atria in a fetus

A

Foremen ovale

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18
Q

Narrowing of a valve opening by scar tissue

A

Stenosis

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19
Q

Different areas of the heart beating independently

A

Fibrillation

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20
Q

Narrowing of the coronary arteries reducing blood flow to the heart; has a number of causes and is the leading cause of death in the US

A

Coronary artery disease

21
Q

The term “epicardium” refers to this structure

A

Outermost layer of the heart wall

22
Q

Circulation of blood through the heart muscle is supplied by the ___ circulation

A

Coronary

23
Q

Cardiac muscle is known as?

A

Myocardium

24
Q

Chamber with the thickest wall of the heart

A

Left ventricle

25
Q

The heartbeat originates in this mass of tissue

A

SA node

26
Q

Structure who’s job is to sequence the ventricular contractions with the atrial contractions

A

AV node

27
Q

The electrical conducting system in the outer walls of the ventricles

A

Perkinde fibers

28
Q

Location of the S-A node of the heart

A

Right atrium

29
Q

The QRS spike represents this event

A

Ventricular depolarization

30
Q

The second heart sound (dupp) is caused by this

A

SL valve closing

31
Q

Heart rate is monitored and regulated by this structure

A

Cardiovascular center of medulla

32
Q

This nerve decreases heart rate

A

Vagus

33
Q

The heart speeds up when we stand up quickly due to to receptors here that detect blood pressure changes

A

Carotid artery

34
Q

Explain the contractions of the chambers in the cardiac cycle

A

Atria contract
Ventricle contract
All relax

35
Q

Coronary arteries branch off from ______

A

Aorta

36
Q

The action of ______ causes audible heart sounds

A

Valves

37
Q

What causes heart murmurs

A

Improperly closing valves

38
Q

The period of relaxation in the cardiac cycle

A

Diastole

39
Q

A heart that is stretched just before contraction will contract stronger according to this law

A

Frank Starling

40
Q

The contraction phase of the heart

A

Systole

41
Q

The “good” chemicals that take cholesterol to the liver are

A

High density lipids

42
Q

What causes the semilunar valves to close

A

Pressure drop

43
Q

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle with one contraction of the heart

A

70mL

44
Q

The amount of blood ejected by each ventricle each minute

A

Cardiac output

45
Q

The term describing heart chamber contraction is _____.

A

Systole

46
Q

Name several chemicals which would act to slow heart rate

A

K+ , Na+

47
Q

The term describing heart chamber relaxation is ________.

A

Diastole

48
Q

Chest pain caused from ischemia

A

Angina pectoris

49
Q

Inflammation of the heart covering

A

Pericarditis

Physiology (27 decks)

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