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Physiology > Chapter 14: Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the straw-colored liquid that remains when formed elements are removed from blood?

A

Plasma

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2
Q

Name the two types of cells whose main function is phagocytic activity?

A

Neutrophils and monocytes

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3
Q

Name some materials that blood carries

A

Oxygen, wastes, heat, hormones

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4
Q

List 3 functions of the blood

A

Transportation, regulation, protection

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5
Q

Blood proteins account for what percent of the plasma?

A

7%

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6
Q

The most common blood protein?

A

Albumins

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7
Q

Blood is approximately what % plasma?

A

55%

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8
Q

Plasma is composed of about what % water?

A

91.5%

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9
Q

The process of ingesting and destroying bacterial cells

A

Phagocytosis

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10
Q

An immature red blood cell

A

Reticulocyte

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11
Q

About how many RBC’s does the average person have per uL of blood

A

4.8-5.4 million

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12
Q

An inherited defect most common in African Americans that results in red blood cells that are distorted.

A

Sickle cell disease

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13
Q

Appendicitis or an acute infection will cause a rapid increase in which type of WBC?

A

Neutrophils

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14
Q

Which leukocytes are agranulocytes?

A

Lymphocytes and monocytes

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15
Q

Which leukocytes are granular leukocytes?

A

Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

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16
Q

Which leukocytes develop into cells which produce antibodies?

A

Lymphocytes

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17
Q

What is the average leukocyte count uL of blood?

A

5,000-10,000

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18
Q

What is the average number of platelets circulating per uL of blood?

A

250,000-400,000

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19
Q

Fibrinogen and prothrombin are blood proteins necessary for this purpose?

A

Blood clotting (coagulation)

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20
Q

In blood clotting, thrombin converts fibrinogen to this substance.

A

Fibrin

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21
Q

If blood vessel cells are damaged they trigger formation of this enzyme in clotting’s 1st stage

A

Prothrombinase

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22
Q

What is the process of dissolving small inappropriate clots called?

A

Fibrinolysis

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23
Q

What is the effect of heparin and coumadin on blood clotting?

A

Inhibit(slow)

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24
Q

What is the condition that causes the accumulation of fatty substances which cause rough spots on vessel walls?

A

Atherosclerosis

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25
Q

The blood type gene that is inherited as recessive

A

O

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26
Q

If your blood agglutinates in the anti-A typing serum but not in the anti-B typing serum, then you have this blood type.

A

A

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27
Q

If your blood agglutinates in the anti-B typing serum but not in the anti-A typing serum, then you have this blood type

A

B

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28
Q

If your blood agglutinates in both the anti-A and anti-B typing serum, then you have this blood type.

A

AB

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29
Q

If your blood does not agglutinate in either of the typing serums, you have this type of blood.

A

O

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30
Q

Universal donors have blood that is this type

A

O

31
Q

A universal recipient is this blood type

A

AB

32
Q

The antigen protein present on the red blood cell membrane determines this

A

Blood type

33
Q

The test that measures the percentage of red blood cells in a sample of blood

A

Hematocrit

34
Q

No one with type B blood can also have these antibodies.

A

Anti-B

35
Q

In emergency transfusions one must always consider how the recipients _____ react with the antigens of the donors red blood cells.

A

Antibodies

36
Q

Mr. A and Mr. AB have volunteered to give blood to Mr. B, who has type B blood. Mr. A have type A blood and Mr. AB has type AB blood. Which blood could be transfused safely into Mr. B’s bloodstream?

A

Neither

37
Q

What proper formed elements of blood do RBC’s have?

A
  1. ) Carry Oxygen
  2. ) Contain hemoglobin
  3. ) Live about 4 months
  4. ) Biconcave disk shaped
  5. ) Make up the greatest blood volume
38
Q

What proper formed elements of blood do WBC’s have?

A
  1. ) Largest cell
  2. ) Have nuclei
  3. ) Fight infection
  4. ) Most live for a few days
  5. ) May have independent movement
39
Q

What proper formed elements of blood do Platelets have?

A
  1. ) Smallest formed element
  2. ) Live about 10 days
  3. ) Important in blood clotting
40
Q

White blood cell type that increases in # to combat inflammation during allergic reactions

A

Eosinophils

41
Q

The second most numerous kind of white blood cell; comes and goes from the blood stream

A

Lymphocytes

42
Q

The largest type of white blood cell

A

Monocyte

43
Q

WBC that cleans up debris after infections

A

Monocyte

44
Q

A plasma protein necessary for antibodies

A

Globulin

45
Q

A plasma protein important in maintaining the bloods viscosity

A

Albumin

46
Q

Pigment of RBC’s which carries oxygen

A

Hemoglobin

47
Q

Protein on the surface of a RBC which can stimulate the formation of antibodies against it

A

Antigen

48
Q

Another name for RBC

A

Erythrocytes

49
Q

Another name for a WBC

A

Leukocytes

50
Q

The clumping together of RBC’s in an incompetent transfusion

A

Hemolysis

51
Q

Another name for the clotting of the blood

A

Coagulation

52
Q

An increase in the number of leukocytes

A

Leukocytosis

53
Q

A decrease in the number of leukocytes

A

Leukopenia

54
Q

A decrease in the number of erythrocytes

A

Anemia

55
Q

“Blood doping” causing an overproduction of red blood cells

A

Induced polycythemia

56
Q

A pale yellow fluid similar to plasma but lacks clotting ability

A

Serum

57
Q

Movement of a white cell through the capillary wall

A

Diapedesis

58
Q

Clotting inside an unbroken vessel

A

Thrombosis

59
Q

A blood clot inside a vessel

A

Thrombus

60
Q

A moving clot or obstruction in a vessel

A

Embolus

61
Q

Cancer of the red bone marrow causing uncontrolled production of white blood cells

A

Leukemia

62
Q

Typified by abnormal sickle-shaped RBC’s

A

Sickle cell disease

63
Q

Nutrients, hormones, and gasses are carried by this part of the blood

A

Plasma

64
Q

The liquid part of the blood

A

Plasma

65
Q

Proteins that are located on the blood cells

A

Antigens

66
Q

Cells in the red bone marrow that have the ability to develop into many different cells

A

Pluripotent stem cells

67
Q

These blood cells may be found out of the blood vessels in the spaces between cells

A

WBC’s

68
Q

Amount of blood in the average healthy male

A

5-6 L

69
Q

The term for stoppage of bleeding

A

Hemostasis

70
Q

Immature RBC’s which contain nucleus

A

Reticulocytes

71
Q 
Blood Type A
What antigens are present?
What antibody is present? 
Can donate blood TO? 
Can receive blood from?
A

A
anti-B
A, AB
A, O

72
Q 
Blood type O
What antigens are present?
What antibody is present? 
Can donate blood TO? 
Can receive blood from?
A

None
Both
All
O

73
Q 
Blood Type AB 
What antigens are present?
What antibody is present? 
Can donate blood TO? 
Can receive blood from?
A

A&B
None
AB
all

74
Q 
Blood Type Rh+ 
What antigens are present?
What antibody is present? 
Can donate blood TO? 
Can receive blood from?
A

Rh+
None
Rh+
Rh+, Rh-

Physiology (27 decks)

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