final ch. 12

Question 1

how to classify behavior as abnormal?

Answer 1

to be abnormal a behavior must be maladaptive and consistent with other criteria. these criteria help mental health professionals and researchers determine just where along the continuum behavior becomes abnormal

Question 2

whether culture should be considered in behaviors being abnormal?

Answer 2

what is considered abnormal in one culture may not be in another

Question 3

what DSM stands for?

Answer 3

the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

Question 4

what DMS is used for?

Answer 4

manual which describes criteria used to classify and diagnose mental disorders

Question 5

the 5 perspectives

Answer 5

biological, biopsychosoical, psychodynamic, learning, cognitive

Question 6

biological

Answer 6

heredity or physiology; psychological disorder is symptom of an underlying physical disorder caused by structural or biochemical abnormality in the brain, by genetic inheritance, or by infection

Question 7

biopsychosocial

Answer 7

combination; psycholofical disorders result from combination of biological, psychological, and social causes

Question 8

psychodynamic

Answer 8

unconscious conflicts; psychological disorders stem from early childhood experiences and unresolved, unconscious sexual or aggressive conflicts

Question 9

learning

Answer 9

“symptoms” learned; abnormal thoughts, feeling, and behaviors are learned and sustained like any other behaviors, or there is failure to learn appropriate behaviors

Question 10

cognitive

Answer 10

negative views; faulty thinking or distorted perceptions can cause psychological disorders

Question 11

what does cognitive therapy entail?

Answer 11

a therapy designed by Aaron beck to help clients stop their cognitive errors as they occur and replace them with more objective thoughts

Question 12

what is a panic attack?

Answer 12

an episode of over wheeling anxiety, fear, or terror

Question 13

social phobia/ performance anxiety

Answer 13

an irrational fear and avoidance of any social or performance situation in which one might embarrass or humiliate ones self in from of others by appearing clumsy, foolish, or incompetent

Question 14

obsession

Answer 14

a persistent, involuntary thought, image, or impulse that invades consciousness and causes grew distress

Question 15

compulsion

Answer 15

a persistent, irresistible, and irrational urge to preform an act or ritual repetitively

Question 16

symptoms of major depressive disorder?

Answer 16

sadness, despair, and hopelessness as well as the loss of the ability to experience pleasure, change in appetite, weight, or sleeping pattern, loss of energy, difficulty thinking/ concentrating, body movement reaction time/speech may be slowed, constantly moving, fidgeting, wringing their hands, and pacing

Question 17

what age and gender has the highest suicide rate?

Answer 17

white americans, males, ages 45-59

Question 18

schizophrenia involves?

Answer 18

disorders/ “split” thoughts and communication, inappropriate emotions. severe psychological disorder characterized by loss of contact with reality, hallucinations, delusions, inappropriate of flat affects, some disturbance in thinning, social withdrawal, and/or other bizarre behaviors

Question 19

positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 19

(present) hallucination, delusions, disorganized speech, thoughts and behaviors

Question 20

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 20

(absent) lack of emotional response, limited speech, apathy

Question 21

somatic disorders

Answer 21

disorders in which physical symptoms are present and are due to psychological causes rather than any known medical condition

Question 22

“la belle indifference”

Answer 22

conversion disorder- bizarre symptoms

Question 23

3 kinds of dissociative disorders

Answer 23

amnesia, fugue, DID

Question 24

dissociative amnesia

Answer 24

loss of memory for past events without organic causes; under unbearable stress, consciousness becomes dissociated from a person’s identity or their memories of important personal events, or both

Question 25

dissociative fugue

Answer 25

“flgiht” leaves home and assumes new identity , very rare; one has a complete loss of memory of ones entire identity, travels away from home, and may assume a new identity

Question 26

dissociative identity

Answer 26

multiple personalities in same person, extremely rare; two or more distinct unique personalities occur in the same person, and there is server memory disruption concerning personal information about other personalities

Question 27

pharaphilias

Answer 27

recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involve nonhuman objects, children, or other unconsenting persons, or suffering or humiliation of the individuals or his/her partner

Question 28

main categories od sexual dysfunctions

Answer 28

sexual desire disorder (no motivation)
sexual arousal disorder (body doesn’t cooperate with desire)
orgasm and sexual pain disorder (no orgasm or too soon or too late or painful)

Question 29

paranoid

Answer 29

mistrustful; individual is highly suspicious, untrusting, guarded, hypersensitive, easily slighted, and lacking in emotions’ holds grudges

Question 30

schizotypal

Answer 30

eccentric; individual dresses in extremely unusual ways, lacking social skills, may have odd ideas resembling the delusions of schizophrenia

Question 31

borderline

Answer 31

unstable mood; individual is unstable in mood, behavior, self-image, and social relationships, has intense fear of abandonment, exhibits impulsive and reckless behavior and inappropriate anger, makes suicidal gestures and perform self-mutilating acts

Question 32

antisocial

Answer 32

criminal, violent; individual disregards rights and feelings of others, is manipulative, impulsive, selfish, aggressive, irresponsible, reckless, and willing to break the law, lie, cheat, and exploit other personal gain, without remorse; fails to hold job

Question 33

disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Answer 33

disorder in which children are highly irritable and have frequent outburst of temper that interfere with social and academic functioning

Question 34

autism spectrum disorder

Answer 34

a disorder in which a child lacks the ability to establish and maintain social relationships

Question 35

ADHD

Answer 35

is characterized by restlessness and difficulty focusing attention and completing task