3.1 Study Guide

Question 1

Definition of Isomer

Answer 1

molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures.
- they have different chemical properties
- they have different biological structures

Question 2

Definition of Monomer

Answer 2

A type of small molecule, a singular unit

Question 3

Definition of Polymer

Answer 3

a type of large molecule made up of repeating monomers; a chain of smaller sub units

Question 4

What happens during dehydration synthesis?

Answer 4

joins monomers into polymers by releasing water

Question 5

What happens during a hydrolysis reaction

Answer 5

breaks polymers into monomers with water
water molecules break the bonds between monomers

Question 6

Why is carbon a versatile building block for organic molecules?

Answer 6

all life is built on carbon
we are 72% water and 25% carbon compounds

Question 7

How can functional groups determine the function of organic molecules?

Answer 7

they give organic molecules distinctive properties

Question 8

What is the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Answer 8

Monomers make up polymers.
Polymers are made up of repeating monomers

Question 9

Hydroxyl

Answer 9

-OH
alcohols
polar

Question 10

Carbonyl

Answer 10

-COH
-CO-
aldehydes; ketones
polar

Question 11

Carboxyl

Answer 11

-COOH
acids
negative charge

Question 12

Amino

Answer 12

-NH2
bases
positive charge

Question 13

Sulfhydryl

Answer 13

-SH
rubber
polar but SLIGHTLY

Question 14

phosphate

Answer 14

-PO4
ATP
Negative charge

Question 15

Methyl

Answer 15

-CH3
Non-Polar