4.1 Study Guide

Question 1

Definition of Enzyme

Answer 1

cut and join the molecules of life

Question 2

Definition of Substrate

Answer 2

reactant which binds to an enzyme

Question 3

Definition of Active Site

Answer 3

where the substrate fits into enzymes

Question 4

Definition of Activation Energy

Answer 4

minimum amount of energy needed formed to cause a reaction

Question 5

Definition of Chemical Reaction

Answer 5

a process that occurs when two or more molecules interact to form a new product(s)

Question 6

Substrate Concentration

Answer 6

as enzymes increase, the reaction rate increases
more enzymes=more collisions with substrate

reaction rate levels
substrate becomes a limiting factor
not all enzyme molecules can find substrate

Question 7

Substrate Concentration

Answer 7

as the substrates increase, the reaction rate increases
more substrate=more collisions with enzyme

reaction rate levels off
all enzymes at maximum rate of reaction

Question 8

Temperature

Answer 8

Optimum Temperature
greatest number of successful collisions
human enzymes= 35C-40C

Heat: increase beyond optimum temperature
denaturation: lose 3D shape
change in active site=trouble binding substrate

cold=decrease temperature
molecules slower
decrease energy and collisions

Question 9

pH

Answer 9

adds or removes H+ disrupt 3D shape
denatures protein
pepsin(stomach)-pH=2-3
trypsin(small intestine)=pH 8