3.1.1 Structure of the nervous system Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the two major sections of the human nervous system?
Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS)
What does the central nervous system consist of?
Brain and spinal cord
What is the role of the spinal cord in the human nervous system?
It communicates information between the brain and the body
Which areas of the brain are responsible for higher order thinking processes?
Forebrain
What is the primary function of the midbrain?
Coordinates movement, sleep, and arousal
Fill in the blank: The _______ system controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles.
Somatic
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system
What does the sympathetic nervous system do?
Prepares the body for action in response to threats
What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Maintains homeostasis and controls the ‘freeze’ response
What is the role of sensory nerves in the peripheral nervous system?
Send impulses from sensory organs to the CNS
What type of neurotransmitter (inhibitory or excitatory) is glutamate?
Excitatory neurotransmitter
What type of neurotransmitter (inhibitory or excitatory) is gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)?
Inhibitory neurotransmitter
How is voluntary movement coordinated in the nervous system?
From the primary motor cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia
Which areas (3) of the brain are involved in language processing?
Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, and Geschwind’s territory
What is the function of the limbic system?
Involved in emotion regulation
True or False: The hindbrain is important for movement and balance.
True
What is the role of motor nerves in the peripheral nervous system?
Send impulses from the CNS to effector organs
What is the impact of interference in neurotransmitter function?
Can lead to symptoms and treatments for disorders like Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease
What major functions are associated with acetylcholine?
Physical and psychological functions
Fill in the blank: The _______ nervous system communicates information between the CNS and non-skeletal muscles.
Autonomic
What does the term ‘localisation of function’ refer to in neuroscience?
The idea that specific areas of the brain are responsible for specific functions
How does experience and expectation influence visual perception?
They can alter how we interpret sensory information
What is the role of the cerebral cortex?
Divided into areas with specific functions, including sensory processing and higher-order thinking
