3.1.6 Emotion Flashcards
(21 cards)
Identify which ethical principle of psychological research violates the process of providing a person with information about the purpose, methods, demands and risks of the research before they decide whether or not to participate?
Deception
Deception violates informed consent by not providing participants with necessary information.
What is meant by the term heredity?
Heredity refers to the genetic inheritance of traits or characteristics that an offspring receives from their biological parents.
Examples include physical traits like hair and eye color, as well as psychological traits like intelligence.
Distinguish between psychiatry and psychology.
A psychiatrist is a medical practitioner who specializes in mental illness, can prescribe medication, and perform medical procedures, whereas a psychologist cannot.
Psychiatrists must complete medical degrees.
Recall the structure of the human nervous system.
The human nervous system consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (somatic and autonomic).
Describe the role of the spinal cord in the human nervous system.
The spinal cord is involved in transmitting signals between the brain and the body and is essential for spinal reflexes.
Recognize the areas of the cerebral cortex and their specific functions.
The cerebral cortex can be divided into the frontal, occipital, parietal, and temporal lobes.
Recall that language processing occurs within which areas of the brain?
Broca’s area, Wernicke’s area, and Geschwind’s territory.
Recognize where voluntary movement is coordinated from.
The primary motor cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia.
Recognize that emotion occurs within which parts of the brain?
The limbic system, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex.
Distinguish between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters.
Excitatory neurotransmitters include glutamate (Glu), while inhibitory neurotransmitters include gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA).
Compare the physical and psychological functions of neurotransmitters.
Key neurotransmitters include:
* Acetylcholine
* Epinephrine
* Norepinephrine
* Dopamine
* Serotonin
Discuss the impact of interference in neurotransmitter function with reference to Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease.
Interference in neurotransmitter function can lead to symptoms such as motor control issues in Parkinson’s and memory loss in Alzheimer’s.
What is the role of the limbic system?
The limbic system is responsible for the interpretation, production, and regulation of emotion, including behavior and motivation.
Identify the components of the limbic system.
The limbic system includes:
* Hippocampus
* Hypothalamus
* Amygdala
What is the function of the hippocampus?
The hippocampus is involved in the regulation and expression of emotion and memory.
What actions is the hypothalamus implicated in?
The hypothalamus is involved in homeostasis and basic survival actions such as feeding, running, fighting, and reproduction.
What is the role of the amygdala?
The amygdala is involved in the activation of emotions, particularly fear, and memory.
What is the function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in emotional processing?
The PFC is involved in regulating and modifying emotions, as well as executive functioning and decision-making.
What are the two biological pathways of emotions in the brain as described by LeDoux?
The two pathways are:
* Short route (low road) - thalamus to amygdala
* Long route (high road) - thalamus to cerebral cortex and hippocampus
How does the short route in emotional processing benefit responses to danger?
The short route allows for fast and direct responses, saving time in dangerous situations.
How does the long route in emotional processing benefit evaluations of situations?
The long route allows for a thorough evaluation of a situation, helping avoid inappropriate responses.
