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Nutrition - Kailey > Trace Minerals > Flashcards

Trace Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of Chromium

A

Insulin Secretion

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2
Q

Chromium Deficiency

A

Insulin Resistance

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3
Q

Iodine Functions

A

Part of T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine)

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4
Q

Iodine Deficiency

A

Gioter

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5
Q

Iodine Toxicity

A

Hypothyroidism and Burning Mouth

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6
Q

Molybdenum Sources

A

Plants

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7
Q

Molybdenum Functions

A

Cofactor for Sulfur Metabolism

Uric Acid Synthesis

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8
Q

Molybdenum Toxicity

A

Gout

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9
Q

Maganese Functions

A

Superoxide Dismutase in Mitochrondria

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10
Q

Maganese Sources

A

Plants

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11
Q

Maganese Toxicity

A

Tremors

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12
Q

Copper Functions

A

Collagen Crosslinking

Part of ATP

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13
Q

Copper Deficiency

A

Skin Depigmentation
Genetic Type - Menkes Syndrome
** leads to iron deficiency

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14
Q

Copper Toxicity

A

Wilsons Disease -

Kayser Fleischer Rings Around Cornea

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15
Q

Zinc Source

A

Oysters

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16
Q

Zinc Functions

A 
Folate Digestion (natural)
Synthetic Zinc will cause decreased Folic Acid absorption
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17
Q

Zinc Toxicity

A

Metallic Taste

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18
Q

Zinc Deficiency

A

Decreased Taste and Dermatitis

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19
Q

Heme Iron Sources

A

Beef and Fish

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20
Q

Heme Iron is absorbed by ____

A

Facilitated Diffusion va HCP1

21
Q

Heme or Non heme Iron is absorbed more?

A

Heme Iron

22
Q

Heme Iron Functions

A

Transport Oxygen

Part of Cytochromes

23
Q

Non Heme Iron Sources

A

Plants and Supplements

24
Q

Non Heme Iron Is Digested By _____

A

Ferroreductase (requires Vit C)

25
Q

Non Heme Iron is Absorbed by ______

A

Facilitated Diffusion using DMT

26
Q

Iron is transported out of the enterocyte using ___

A

Ferroportin ** Requires Copper

27
Q

Iron Toxicity

A

Hemochromatosis and Organ Damage

28
Q

Iron Deficiency

A

Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia

- Symptoms are Pallor, Fatigue and Decreased Immunity

29
Q

Who is at risk for Iron Deficiency

A

Males - 6mo-2yr and runners 10-19

Females - 10-44 and all athletes

30
Q

Flouride Functions

A

Decreases Cavities

Bone Mineralization

31
Q

Flouride Toxicity

A 
Bone Pitting
Teeth Mottling (browning)
32
Q

Flouride Deficiency

A

Cavities and Osteoporosis

33
Q

Flouride Sources

A

Flourided water and toothpaste

34
Q

Selenium Functions

A

Cofactor for Glutathione Peroxidase

and T3 to T4

35
Q

Selenium Source

A

Brazil Nuts

36
Q

Selenium Toxicity

A

“Selenosis” - causes Brittle Nails

37
Q

Selenium Deficiency

A

Prevalent in China
Depends on Soil Content
Keshans Disease - Heart Disease in Kids
Kashin Becks Disease - Osteoarthritis

38
Q

Which disease that causes selenium deficiency is related to heart disease in kids?

A

Keshans Disease

39
Q

Which disease that causes selenium Deficiency is related to osteoarthritis?

A

Kashin Becks Disease

40
Q

What is the required intake of trace minerals?

A

1-100mg/day

41
Q

What is the Storage Protein for Iron? Where is it found?

A

Ferritin

- Found in Bone Marrow, Spleen, Liver and Enterocyte

42
Q

Which Protein transports Iron through the Blood?

A

Transferrin

43
Q

What amount is required for Ultratrace minerals?

A

less than 1mg/day

44
Q

What is the Full name for T4

A

Thyroxine

45
Q

What is the Full name for T3

A

triiodothyronine

46
Q

what is the cofactor for ferroportin

A

Copper

** allows iron to be transported out of the enterocyte

47
Q

which type of anemia goes with iron deficiency

A

microcytic hypochromic anemia

48
Q

most abundant mineral in body? In brain?

A

calcium (skeleton)

Iron - Brain

Nutrition - Kailey (6 decks)

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