Chapter 3 - The Cardiorespiratory System

Question 0

MEDIASTINUM

Answer 0

The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the interanl organs of the chest except the lungs.

Question 1

HEART

Answer 1

A hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction.

Question 2

SINOATRIAL (SA) NODE

Answer 2

A specialized area of cardia tissue, located in the right atrium of the heart, which initiates the electrical impulses that determine the heart rate; often termed the pacemaker for the heart.

Question 3

ATRIOVENTRICULAR (AV) NODE

Answer 3

A small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart, that receives heartbeat impulses from the sinoatrial node and directs them to the walls of the ventricles.

Question 4

ATRIUM

Answer 4

The superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles.

Question 5

VENTRICLE

Answer 5

The inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the corresponding atrium and, in turn, forces blood in the arteries.

Question 6

STROKE VOLUME

Answer 6

The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction.

Question 7

HEART RATE (HR)

Answer 7

The rate at which the heart pumps.

Question 8

CARDIAC INPUT (Q)

Answer 8

Heart rate x stroke volume, the overall performance of the heart.

Question 9

BLOOD

Answer 9

Fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins, carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body, and also rids the body of waste products.

Question 10

BLOOD VESSELS

Answer 10

Network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the whole body.

Question 11

ARTERIES

Answer 11

Vessels that transport blood away from the heart.

Question 12

CAPILLARIES

Answer 12

The smallest blood vessels, and the site of exchange of chemicals and water between the blood and the tissues.

Question 13

VEINS

Answer 13

Vessels that transport blood from the capillaries toward the heart.

Question 14

ARTERIOLES

Answer 14

Small terminal branches of an artery, which end in capillaries.

Question 15

VENULES

Answer 15

The very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins.

Question 16

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Answer 16

A system of organs (the lungs and respiratory passageways) that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the bloodstream.

Question 17

RESPIRATORY PUMP

Answer 17

Is composed of the skeletal structures (bones) and soft tissues (muscles) that work together to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur and help pump blood back to the heart during inspiration.

Question 18

INSPIRATION

Answer 18

The process of actively contracting the inspiratory muscles to move air into the body.

Question 19

EXPIRATION

Answer 19

The process of actively or passively relaxing the inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body.

Question 20

DIFFUSION

Answer 20

The process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body.

Question 21

MAXIMAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION (VO2max)

Answer 21

The highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion.