3350 L15 Disorders of Language Pt 1- Aphasia (1) Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is Aphasia?
An impairment in a person’s ability to comprehend (receptive) or formulate (expressive) language.
What is the primary cause of Aphasia?
Brain lesion; usually stroke but some cases are neurodegenerative in nature (i.e., dementia).
What is the prevalence of Aphasia?
About 180,000 each year.
What percentage of people have never heard the term ‘Aphasia’?
84.5%.
Which area of the brain is critical for speech production?
Broca’s area.
Who identified Broca’s area and its significance?
Paul Broca (1824-1880), a French physician and surgeon.
What was the case of ‘Tan’ significant for?
It exhibited understanding of language but severe impairment in producing speech.
What did Carl Wernicke contribute to the understanding of language?
He hypothesized a link between Broca’s and Wernicke’s area and localized cognitive deficits.
What is Wernicke’s area critical for?
Language comprehension.
What did Ludwig Lichtheim propose?
The Wernicke–Lichtheim model, suggesting disruptions between language and conceptual centers could cause aphasia.
What are the three centers in Wernicke-Lichtheim’s model?
- Auditory Center
- Motor Center
- Concept Center
What characterizes Broca’s Aphasia?
Preserved comprehension, impaired non-fluent speech, and awareness of impairment.
What are the symptoms of Wernicke’s Aphasia?
Preserved fluent speech, impaired comprehension, and poor repetition.
What is the hallmark of Conduction Aphasia?
Impaired repetition despite preserved fluency and comprehension.
What is Transcortical Motor Aphasia characterized by?
Preserved comprehension and repetition, but impaired non-fluent speech.
What distinguishes Transcortical Sensory Aphasia?
Preserved speech and repetition, but impaired comprehension.
What are the symptoms of Isolation Aphasia?
Non-fluent speech, poor comprehension, and extreme echolalia.
What is Anomic Aphasia?
Good comprehension and repetition, but impaired word finding.
What characterizes Pure Word Deafness?
Impaired comprehension and repetition, but preserved speech output.
What is Dysarthria?
Impaired speech production due to difficulty moving articulators.
What is the summary of Broca’s Aphasia?
- Comprehension: ✅
- Fluency: ❌
- Repetition: ❌
What is the summary of Wernicke’s Aphasia?
- Comprehension: ❌
- Fluency: ✅
- Repetition: ❌
What is the summary of Conduction Aphasia?
- Comprehension: ✅
- Fluency: ✅
- Repetition: ❌
What is the summary of Transcortical Motor Aphasia?
- Comprehension: ✅
- Fluency: ❌
- Repetition: ✅
