SP25 PSYC 3350 L13 Language Part 1

Question 1

What is language?

Answer 1

A set of spoken, written, or signed words and the way we combine them to communicate meaning.

Question 2

What facilitates the exchange of information?

Answer 2

Language.

Question 3

When does language begin?

Answer 3

Prenatal, Infancy (<1), toddler (1-3), preschool (3-5).

Question 4

What does the Latin word ‘Infans’ mean?

Answer 4

Unable to speak.

Question 5

Define phonemes.

Answer 5

Short, distinctive sound units.

Question 6

How many phonemes are approximately in English?

Answer 6

~40.

Question 7

What are morphemes?

Answer 7

The smallest units that carry meaning.

Question 8

What are free morphemes?

Answer 8

Morphemes that have meaning by themselves.

Question 9

What are bound morphemes?

Answer 9

Morphemes that must attach to free morphemes.

Question 10

Provide examples of bound morphemes.

Answer 10

• ’s’ (plural) * ‘un’ (negation)

Question 11

What is a word?

Answer 11

A symbol that stands for something without being part of it.

Question 12

Are words arbitrary?

Answer 12

Yes.

Question 13

What are content words?

Answer 13

Words that provide content or meaning and typically carry lexical information.

Question 14

List types of content words.

Answer 14

• Nouns: dog, car * Adjectives: cute, fast * Verbs: eat, drive

Question 15

What are function words?

Answer 15

Words that give sentences their structure and describe relationships between elements in a sentence.

Question 16

Provide examples of function words.

Articles & Prepositions

Answer 16

• Articles: the, a, an * Prepositions: in, on, at

Question 17

Define a sentence.

Answer 17

A sequence of words constructed with morphemes, following the rules of syntax and grammar, to form a meaningful unit of communication.

Question 18

What is phonology?

Answer 18

The system of sounds within a language.

Question 19

What is speech segmentation?

aka The organization of language (slide 18)

Answer 19

The ‘slicing’ of a continuous speech stream into appropriate segments.

Question 20

What are the features of phoneme production?

Answer 20

• Voicing * Place of articulation * Manner of production

Question 21

What does voicing refer to?

Answer 21

Whether the vocal folds vibrate when producing a sound.

Question 22

What is place of articulation?

Answer 22

Where the airflow is restricted to produce sound.

Question 23

What is manner of production?

Answer 23

How the airflow is restricted to produce sound.

Question 24

What are fricatives?

Answer 24

Sounds with some restriction of airflow within the oral cavity.

Question 25

What are stops in phonetics?

Answer 25

Sounds with complete airflow blockage.

Question 26

What is the phoneme for the 'ng' sound?

Answer 26

/ŋ/

Question 27

What is the phoneme for the 'zh' sound?

Answer 27

/ʒ/

Question 28

What is the phoneme for the 'sh' sound?

Answer 28

/ʃ/

Question 29

Fill in the blank: A word is a _______.

Answer 29

symbol.

Question 30

True or False: Words have inherent meaning related to their sounds.

Answer 30

False.

Question 31

What are examples of stops?

Answer 31

* /p/ * /b/ * /g/

Question 32

What is an example of a content word?

Answer 32

Dog.

Question 33

What is an example of a function word?

Answer 33

The.