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Mycology > Intestinal Parasite I (PART 2) > Flashcards

Intestinal Parasite I (PART 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Enteric amoeba that lyses tissue

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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2
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- diseases

A
  1. Amoebic dysentery
  2. Amoebic colitis
  3. Amoebic abscesses
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3
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- Geographic distribution

A

world wide but higher incidence of infection in developing countries

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4
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- who are the hosts

A

humans are the only hosts

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5
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- infectious form

A

cyst

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6
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- how are cysts transmitted

A

fecal-oral rout

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7
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- test of choice for diagnosis

A

EIA - high sensitivity and specificity

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8
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- must be distinguished from ______ _______ and other protozoa and also must be distinguished from ________ ______!!!

A
  • nonpathogenic amoebae

- polymorphonuclear neutrophils

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9
Q

Entamoeba histolytica:

- is morphologically indistinguishable from what two organisms

A

Entamoeba dispar

Entamoeba moshkovskii

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10
Q

How do you differentiate Entamoeba histolytica from Entamoeba hartmanni?

A

Exactly the same just much smaller

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11
Q

How do you differentiate Entamoeba histolytica trophs from Entamoeba coli trophs?

A

E. histolytica: Karyosome central and compact, perifpheral chromatin smoothly and evenly arranged “clean” cytoplasm
E. coli: Karyosome: off-center (messy looking), spread out, peripheral chromatin clumpy and unevenly arranged “dirty” cytoplasm

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12
Q

How do you differentiate Entamoeba histolytica cysts from Entamoeba coli cysts?

A

E. histolytica: Nuclei usually paired on each side in 2 different focal planes, chromatic bodies with rounded ends
E. coli: Nuclei scattered randomly throughout cyst in many different focal planes, chromatoid bodies with splintered ends

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13
Q

Only known pathogenic ciliate of humans

A

Balantidium coli

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14
Q

Balantidium coli:

- primary reservoirs

A

PIGS, rodents, and primates (infections are more common in areas where pigs are raised)

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15
Q

Balantidium coli:

- infectious form

A

cyst

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16
Q

Balantidium coli:

- What do we detect in the stool?

A

trophs seen, cysts not usually seen

17
Q

Balantidium coli:

- appearance of trophs

A

CILIATED Big (40-200micrometers) cell with bean-shaped macronucleus, cytosome at narrower end

18
Q

Balantidium coli:

- appearance of cyst

A

CILIATED, very large and round large kidney bean shaped macronucleus

19
Q

What is one of the most common intestinal parasites in the world?

A

Giardia intestinalis

20
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- other names

A

G. lamblia

G. duodenalis

21
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- Geographic distribution

A

worldwide; more prevalent in warm climates and in children (daycare)

22
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- How is it transmitted?

A

fecal-oral rout, food, person to person

  • FOMITES: inanimate objects
  • WATERBORNE: most big outbreaks
23
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- common settings to see this kind of outbreak

A
  • children in daycares

- campers and backpackers (drinking contaminated water)

24
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

  • infectious form
  • what form comes out?
A

In: cyst
Out: cyst and troph

25
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- symptoms

A

diarrhea, bloating, nausea, malaise, foul-smelling feces and flatulence (purple burps)

26
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- Test of choice

A

EIA - high sensitivity and specificity

27
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- how often are the parasites in the feces?

A

varies from day to day (get 3 samples over period of 10 days)

28
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- what motility should you look for in a fresh specimen?

A

“falling leaf” motility

29
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- troph appearance

A

Troph: external flagella, pear shape; two nuclei (look like eyes) sucking disc, median bodies,

30
Q

Giardia intestinalis:

- troops appearance

A

cyst: small oval cyst, two to 4 nuclei at one end, median bodies across middle, fibrils down center

Mycology (24 decks)

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