pelvis, perineum week 10

Question 1

What is the perineum

Answer 1

the external surface area of the region overlying the pelvic outlet (also refers to the compartment
It is separated from the pelvic cavity from the diaphragm

Question 2

What shape is the perineum?

Answer 2

diamond shaped when legs abducted

Question 3

What structures can you see on the perineum?

Answer 3

Mons pubis
Medial aspect of the thighs laterally
Gluteal folds and upper end of the intergluteal cleft posteriorly

Question 4

What is the mons pubis?

Answer 4

A mound of fatty tissue overlying the pubic symphysis

Question 5

What are the ossifiborous structures that form the perineum

Answer 5

Pubic symphysis (anteriorly
inferior pubic ramus (anteriolaterally)
Ischial rami (anteriolaterally)
Ischial tuberosities (laterally)
Sacrotuberous ligaments (posteriolaterally)
Inferior aspect of the sacrum and coccyx (posteriorly)

Question 6

What are the two triangles of the perineum

Answer 6

Posterior region (anal region or anal triangle)
Anterior region (Urogenital region or urogenital triangle)

Question 7

Where does the urogenital region stretch from?

Answer 7

the root of the scrotum and penis/ external female genitalia

Question 8

What is the perineal body?

Answer 8

The midpoint of the line between the ischial tuberosities
is an irregular fiborous mass
contain collagenous and elastic fibres as well as skeletal and smooth muscle

Question 9

Where oes the perineal body lie?

Answer 9

posterior to the bulb of the penis, anterior to the anus and anal canal

Question 10

what attaches to the posterior border of the perineal membrane?

Answer 10

Perineal body
Bulbospngiosis
External anal sphincter
Superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles

Question 11

What is the anal canal?

Answer 11

the terminal part of the bowel (2.5-3.5 cm long)
Begins where the puborectalis muscle forms a sling around the end of the rectum
Runs between the upper aspect of the pelvic diaphragm to the anus

Question 12

What is the external anal sphincter?

Answer 12

Large voluntary band of muscle and are found on either side of the anal canal
Blend with the puborectalis muscle
supplied largely by the S4 inferior rectal nerve

Question 13

What is the internal anal sphincter?

Answer 13

An involuntary muscle band that surround the superior 2/3 of the anal canal
is a thickening of the muscle within the bowel
Supplied by parasympathetic nerve fibres from pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 14

What are the 3 germ layers?

Answer 14

Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm

Question 15

What makes up the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 15

levator ani
coccygeus
fascia

Question 16

What is a rafae?

Answer 16

An area where two muscles come together, creating a tendinous attachment

Question 17

How many seminal vesicles are there?

Answer 17

Two, one on the left and one on the right

Question 18

What is the tunica albugenia?

Answer 18

white fiborous coat that covers the testes