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Biology > Human Nutrition > Flashcards

Human Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What are carbs used for?

A

Imediate and a store of energy

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2
Q

Where are lipids found

A

Plants, oils, meat, fish, nuts, dairy

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3
Q

What are lipids used as?

A

Energy storage, insulation, cell membranes

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4
Q

Where is protein found

A

Meat, fish, nuts, pulses

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5
Q

What is protein used for?

A

Creations of new proteins, growth, repair

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6
Q

Where is fibre found?

A

Leafy vegetable?

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7
Q

What is fibre used for?

A

Digestive transit

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8
Q

Where is vitamin C found?

A

Fruit

Veg

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9
Q

What is vitamin C used for?

A

The immune system

Connective tissue

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10
Q

Where is vitamin D found?

A

Animal protein

Sunlight

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11
Q

What is vitamin D used for?

A

Fixing calcium to form bones

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12
Q

Where is iron found?

A

Meat

Leafy vegetables

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13
Q

What is iron used for?

A

Production of haemoglobin

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14
Q

Where is calcium found?

A

Meat
Dairy
Pulses

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15
Q

What is calcium used for?

A

Bones

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16
Q

What is on the human alimentary canal?

A 
Mouth
Stomach
Pancreas
Liver
Small intestine
Large intestine
Salivary glands
Oesophagus
Gall bladder
17
Q

What is ingestion?

A

Taking in substances through the mouth

18
Q

What is mechanical digestion?

A

Breakdown of food into smalle pieces with a chemical change

19
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

Breakdown of large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules

20
Q

What is absorption?

A

Movement of small food molecules and ions through the intestine wall into the blood

21
Q

What is assimilation?

A

Movement of digested food molecules into the cells they are used

22
Q

What is egestion?

A

Passing of food that hasn’t been digested, as faeces, through the anus

23
Q

What do salivary glands contain?

A

Amylase

24
Q

What is the initial part of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum

25
Q

Where is the small intestine?

A

Inside the large intestine

26
Q

What is the pH inside the pancreas?

A

8

27
Q

What does the pancreas secrete?

A

Amylase
Trypsin
Lipases

Hydrogen carbonate

28
Q

What does amylase do in the small intestine?

A

Starch - simpler sugars

29
Q

What does protease do in the small intestine?

A

Protein - amino acids

30
Q

What does lipase do in the small intestine?

A

Fats - fatty acids + glycerol

31
Q

What are symptoms of kwashiorkor?

A

Fat accumulation in the liver
Sparse, dry hair
Shaky skin
Swelling of legs and abdomen

32
Q

Symptoms of Marusmus?

A

Low body mass
Thin arms, legs
Little muscle and fat
Old-looking face

33
Q

How many premolars do adults have?

A

8

34
Q

How many molars do adults have?

A

12

35
Q

What do villi shook like?

A

Finger-like projections

36
Q

What is an epithelial cell?

A

They line the villi

37
Q

What does the microvilli do?

A

They also line the villi, they increase the surface area

38
Q

What prevents constipation?

A

Fibre

39
Q

Where are carbs found

A

Sugary, starchy foods

Biology (18 decks)

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