Enzymes Flashcards
What a e enzymes needed for?
There are millions of chemical reactions happening every second which are all catalysed by enzymes
They are used to break down larger molecules
Used in the digestive system
What are the endings for enzymes and sugars?
- ase - enzyme
- ose - sugar
What do enzymes sometimes do?
Make small molecules into larger ones
Turn one molecule into another
What are the properties of enzymes?
All proteins Each enzyme catalysed only one reaction Used multiple times Influenced by temperature Influenced by PH
What are enzymes made from
Long protein strands
What is a substrate?
A molecule that enzymes work on
They have a specific shape
How do the substrate and and enzyme fit together?
Each enzyme is folded into a shape which allows the substrate to fit into the are of the active site
What is the active site?
Where the reaction occurs
What happens after the optimum pH or temperature?
The enzyme is denature
The substrate no longer fits the substrate
How do you test the temperature?
Water bath
Diastase and starch solution
Combine
Add iodine
Why does temp affect pH?
Particles gain more energy and move quicker
When they move faster they are more likely to coll ide
What is the optimum temp in humans?
37
What happens when an enzyme is denatured
The bonds start to break
Changes in the shape of the enzyme
It isn’t killed as it was never alive
What is the optimum pH of pepsin
2
What is the optimum pH of amylase?
7
