Fetus and Placenta Physiology

Question 1

The two layers that separate fetal and maternal blood are

Answer 1

endothelial of the fetal vessel and a layer of trophoblasts

Question 2

The umbilical vein bypasses the liver via the

Answer 2

ductus venosus

Question 3

Oxygenated blood coming up from the IVC bypasses the right ventricle via the

Answer 3

foramen ovale

Question 4

The ___ ___ takes the deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery and puts it in the descending aorta

Answer 4

ductus arteriosus

Question 5

___ are the primary hormone producers

Answer 5

syncytiotrophoblasts

Question 6

hCG can be detected in the serum _ days after pregnancy; it takes _ days for the embryo to implant into the uterus

Answer 6

8;7

Question 7

hCG levels should double every _ days for _ weeks; pain plus slowly rising hCG levels could indicate a

Answer 7

2;10; ectopic pregnancy

Question 8

hCG tells the ___ __ to keep making __

Answer 8

corpus luteum; progesterone

Question 9

The fetal adrenal gland and the placenta work together to make

Answer 9

estrogen

Question 10

Fetal adrenal gland make a lot of ___ with no

Answer 10

androgen; negative feedback

Question 11

The __come from the placenta itself while the __ is converted from a fetal adrenal produce

Answer 11

progesterone; estrogen

Question 12

Progesterone is a smooth muscle __ and prevents __ __ formation

Answer 12

relaxant; gap junction

Question 13

It also decreases ___ receptors

Answer 13

oxytocin

Question 14

RU-846 is a __ antagonist

Answer 14

progesterone

Question 15

Fetal adrenal glands make low levels of __ so the ACTH isn’t turned off

Answer 15

cortisol

Question 16

Estrogen __ the spiral arteries

Answer 16

vasodilate