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BISC 303 > 10. Proteobacteria > Flashcards

10. Proteobacteria Flashcards

1
Q

5 classes of proteobacteria? Which are anoxygenic photoautotrophs?

A

Alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon

Anoxygenic photoautotrophs = alpha, beta, gamma

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2
Q

All proteobacteria are gram-_______

A

negative

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3
Q

Why are there no patterns of reproduction/norphology/metabolism among proteobacteria?

A

Because this is at the phylum level => too broad

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4
Q

Ancestor of proteobacteria?

A

Purple photosynthetic bacteria

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5
Q

Purple of purple bacteria are accessory “_________” pigments

A

carotenoid

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6
Q

2 examples of alphaproteobacteria?

A

Rickettsia rickettsiae

Rhodobacter capsulatus

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7
Q

Unique characteristic of Rickettsia rickettsiae = is an obligate ___________ _________

A

intracellular parasite (can only grow inside a host cell)

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8
Q

When inside the host cell, what does R. rickettsiae control?
What disease does it cause?

A

Actin filament

Rocky mountain spotted fever

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9
Q

R. rickettsiae is transmitted by..?

A

Ticks

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10
Q

Rhodobacter capsulatus is a ____________ bacterium, but it can also be a ________ since it can fix nitrogen

A

photoorganotroph

heterotroph

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11
Q

What bacteria is used in biotechnology for generating proteins?

A

Rhodobacter capsulatus

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12
Q

2 examples of deltaproteobacteria?

A

Myxococcus xanthus

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

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13
Q

How do Myxococcus xanthus and Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus kill bacteria?

A

M.xanthus - secrete antibiotics (can be grown in absence of prey)

B.bacteriovorus - Is a parasite that penetrates cell walls by secreting lytic enzymes

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14
Q

Differences between amphi-, lopho-, mono-, and peri- trichous?

A

Amphitrichous - single flagellum at each end

Lophotrichous - cluster of flagella at one OR both ends

Monotrichous - single flagellum

Peritrichous - flagella distributed across its surface

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15
Q

Short helical protein filaments that emanate from the organism are..?

A

Fimbriae/pilli

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16
Q

2 functions of fimbriae?

A

Attachment to substratum

Mediate twitching motility (ATP-dependent)

17
Q

2 methods of flagella detection?

A

Indirectly - semi-solid agar

Directly - electron/light microscopy

18
Q

Structure of flagella?

A

Rigid helical filament made from the protein flagellin

19
Q

What is a flagellar hook?

A

“Universal joint” - links the flagellum to basal body

20
Q

How do flagellar filaments grow?

A

From the tip downward (not bottom up); the monomers then self-associate

21
Q

Movement of flagella is analogous to what?

A

Boat propeller

22
Q

Difference between what powers fimbria vs flagella?

A

Fimbria - ATP

Flagella - H+ gradient

23
Q

How fast can flagella rotate?

A

300-1000 rotations/sec

24
Q

2 types of purposeful movement? Difference?

A

Run - counter-clockwise rotation

Tumble - Clockwise rotation

25
Q

Change in flagellar motion = ________ + ____________

A

chemical + specific receptor

26
Q

What is chemotaxis?

A

A pattern of microbial behaviour in which the microbe moves toward/away from a chemical attractant

27
Q

Chemotaxis - what happens after an attractant binds to a specific plasma membrane receptor?

A

Series of phosphorylation rxns => change in flagellar motion

28
Q

3 differences between fimbria and flagella?

A

Flagella holow, fimbria solid

Flagella uses H+ gradient, frimbria uses ATP

Flagella uses whip-like motion, fimbria uses twitching

29
Q

Sensor kinase and response regulator in E.coli chemotaxis response?

A 
CheA = sensor kinase
CheY = response regulator
30
Q

Default rotation of E.coli flagellum?

A

CCW (run)

31
Q

Archaeal flagella resemble proteins in bacterial _______ more than bacterial __________

A

pili; flagellin

32
Q

Which is thinner, arachaeal or bacterial flagella?

A

Archaeal

33
Q

Which type of flagella are NOT hollow, bacterial or archaeal?

A

Archaeal

34
Q

Spirochete flagella associate to form _________ that twists around the bacterium

A

an axial fibril

35
Q

What is an MCP?

A

Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein

36
Q

_____________ is a parasite of other G- bacteria

A

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

37
Q

Nutrients for Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus? Habitat?

A

NO carbs

Uses pre-formed aa and purine/pyrmidine bases of the host

Habitat = sewage, freshwater, soil

BISC 303 (22 decks)

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