6. How Microbes Obtain Energy Flashcards
Glucose eventually becomes what under AEROBIC conditions? ANAEROBIC?
Aerobic - pyruvate
Anaerobic - lactic acid
Important step that occurs during homolactic/heterolactic fermentation?
NADH oxidizes to NAD+
Difference between homo- vs heterolactic fermetnation?
Homolactic = only lactate produced
Heterolactic = lactate + ethanol + CO2 produced
Example of genus that undergoes lactic acid fermentation?
Lactobacillus => yogurt fermentation
Definition of fermentation?
An energy yielding process in which an organic molecule is oxidized WITHOUT an exogenous electron acceptor
During fermentation a microbe will often use _______ or a ________ derivative as the e- acceptor
pyruvate; pyruate acceptor
Fermentation - 3 fates for pyruvate?
Lactic acid, formic acid, ethanol
After NADH is oxidized to NAD+, where does NAD+ go?
Back to glycolysis to make ATP
What molecule goes into mixed acid fermentation? Products of it?
Pyruvate
Ethanol, CO2, lots of mixed organic acids (succinic, formic, lactic acid)
2 microbes that can perform mixed acid fermentation?
Salmonella, E.coli
Why is fermentation NOT considered biochemical respiration?
No ETC used
Fermentation - ATP is generated by ________________
substrate-level phosphorylation
How do some microbes generate energy using the ETC even though oxygen is absent?
Use inorganic molecule other than oxygen to accept electrons
Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic - uses O2 as terminal e- acceptor
Anaerobic - DOESN’T use O2 as terminal e- acceptor
Organisms that obtain energy and e- from reduced inorganic molecules are called __________
chemolithotrophs