Bronchiectasis Flashcards
1
Q
What is bronchiectasis?
A
Permanent dilation of bronchi due to destruction of the elastic and muscular components of
the bronchial wall
2
Q
What often causes bronchiectasis?
A
Often a consequence of recurrent and/or severe infections secondary to an underlying disorder
3
Q
What are some of the causes of bronchiectasis?
A
- post-infectious
- immunodeficiency
- genetic
4
Q
What is the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis?
A
Bronchial obstruction causing impaired clearing mechanism, pooling of secretions, airway inflammation
5
Q
What are presenting symptoms of bronchiectasis?
A
- persistent cough
- daily sputum production
- dyspnoea
- fever
6
Q
What is found on examination of a patient with bronchiectasis?
A
- crackles
- high pitched inspiratory squeaks
- rhonci
7
Q
What investigations are used for bronchiectasis?
A
- CXR
- High resolution chest CT
- FBE
- sputum culture
- Rheumatoid factor
- Serum HIV antibody
8
Q
What are some DDx?
A
COPD
Asthma
Pneumonia
Chronic sinusitis
9
Q
What is the management for bronchiectasis?
A
- exercise and improve nutrition
- airway clearance
- bronchodilators
- long term macrolides
