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Principles of Management > Chapter 10: Human Resource Management > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Human Resource Management Flashcards

1
Q

Define human resource management (HRM)

A

human resource management is the process of attracting, developing, and maintaining a high-quality workforce

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2
Q

Define human capital

A

human capital is the economic value of people with job-relevant abilities, knowledge, ideas, energies, and commitments

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3
Q

What does strategic human resource management do?

A

strategic human resource management mobilizes human capital to implement organizational strategies

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4
Q

Define job discrimination

A

job discrimination occurs when someone is denied a job or job assignment for non-job-relevant reasons

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5
Q

Define equal employment opportunity (EEO)

A

equal employment opportunity is the right to employment and advancement without regard to race, sex, religion, color, or national origin

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6
Q

Define affirmative action

A

affirmative action is an effort to give preference in employment to women and minority group members

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7
Q

Define bona fide occupational qualifications

A

bona fide occupational qualifications are employment criteria justified by capacity to perform a job

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8
Q

Define employee privacy

A

employee privacy is the right to privacy on and off the job

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9
Q

Define pay discrimination

A

pay discrimination occurs when men and women are paid differently for doing equal work

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10
Q

Define pregnancy discrimination

A

pregnancy discrimination penalizes a women in a job or as a job applicant for being pregnant

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11
Q

Define age discrimination

A

age discrimination penalizes an employee in a job or as a job applicant for being over the age of 40

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12
Q

What is the process of attracting, developing, and maintaining a high-quality workforce?

A

human resource management (HRM)

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13
Q

What is the economic value of people with job-relevant abilities, knowledge, ideas, energies, and commitments?

A

human capital

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14
Q

What mobilizes human capital to implement organizational strategies?

A

strategic human resource management

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15
Q

What occurs when someone is denied a job or job assignment for non-job-relevant reasons?

A

job discrimination

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16
Q

What is the right to employment and advancement without regard to race, sex, religion, color, or national origin?

A

equal employment opportunity (EEO)

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17
Q

What is an effort to give preference in employment to women and minority group members?

A

affirmative action

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18
Q

What is employment criteria justified by capacity to perform a job?

A

bona fide occupational qualifications

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19
Q

What is the right to privacy on and off the job?

A

employee privacy

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20
Q

What occurs when men and women are paid differently for doing equal work?

A

pay discrimination

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21
Q

What penalizes a women in a job or as a job applicant for being pregnant?

A

pregnancy discrimination

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22
Q

What penalizes an employee in a job or as a job applicant for being over the age of 40?

A

age discrimination

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23
Q

Define person-job fit

A

person-job fit is the match of individual skills, interests, and personal characteristics with the job

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24
Q

Define person-organization fit

A

person-organization fit is the match of individual values, interests, and behavior with the organizational culture

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25
Q

Define recruitment

A

recruitment is a set of activities designed to attract a qualified pool of job applicants

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26
Q

What does a realistic job preview do?

A

a realistic job preview provide job candidates with all pertinent information about a job and organization

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27
Q

Define selection

A

selection is choosing whom to hire from a pool of qualified job applicants

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28
Q

What does reliability mean?

A

reliability means that a selection device gives consistent results over repeated measures

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29
Q

What does validity mean?

A

validity means that scores on a selection device have demonstrated links with future job performance

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30
Q

What does an assessment center do?

A

an assessment center examines how job candidates handle simulated work conditions

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31
Q

What does work sampling do?

A

work sampling evaluates applicants as they perform actual work tasks

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32
Q

What does socialization do?

A

socialization systematically influences the expectations, behavior, and attitudes of new employees

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33
Q

Define coaching

A

coaching occurs as an experienced person offers performance advice to a less experienced person

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34
Q

Define mentoring

A

mentoring assigns early-career employees as protégés to more senior ones

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35
Q

Define reverse mentoring

A

in reverse mentoring younger and newly hired employees mentor senior executives, often on latest developments with digital technologies

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36
Q

Define performance appraisal

A

performance appraisal is the process of formally evaluating performance and providing feedback to a job holder

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37
Q

What is a graphic rating scale?

A

a graphic rating scale is a checklist of traits or characteristics to evaluate performance

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38
Q

What is behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)?

A

a behaviorally anchored rating scale is a specific descriptions of actual behaviors to rate various levels of performance

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39
Q

What does a critical-incident technique do?

A

a critical-incident technique keeps a log of someone’s effective and ineffective job behaviors

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40
Q

Define 360° feedback

A

360° feedback includes superiors, subordinates, peers, and even customers in the appraisal process

41
Q

Define multiperson comparison

A

a multiperson comparison compares one person’s performance with that of others

42
Q

Define career development

A

career development is the process of managing how a person grows and progresses in a career

43
Q

Define career planning

A

career planning is the process of matching career goals and individual capabilities with opportunities for their fulfillment

44
Q

What is the match of individual skills, interests, and personal characteristics with the job?

A

person-job fit

45
Q

What is the match of individual values, interests, and behavior with the organizational culture?

A

person-organization fit

46
Q

What is a set of activities designed to attract a qualified pool of job applicants?

A

recruitment

47
Q

What provide job candidates with all pertinent information about a job and organization?

A

realistic job preview

48
Q

What is choosing whom to hire from a pool of qualified job applicants?

A

selection

49
Q

What means that a selection device gives consistent results over repeated measures?

A

reliability

50
Q

What means that scores on a selection device have demonstrated links with future job performance?

A

validity

51
Q

What examines how job candidates handle simulated work conditions?

A

assessment center

52
Q

What evaluates applicants as they perform actual work tasks?

A

work sampling

53
Q

What systematically influences the expectations, behavior, and attitudes of new employees?

A

socialization

54
Q

What familiarizes new employees with jobs, co-workers, and organizational policies and services?

A

orientation

55
Q

What occurs as an experienced person offers performance advice to a less experienced person?

A

coaching

56
Q

What assigns early-career employees as protégés to more senior ones?

A

mentoring

57
Q

What is younger and newly hired employees mentor senior executives, often on latest developments with digital technologies?

A

reverse mentoring

58
Q

What is the process of formally evaluating performance and providing feedback to a job holder ?

A

performance appraisal

59
Q

What is a checklist of traits or characteristics to evaluate performance?

A

graphic rating scale

60
Q

What is a specific descriptions of actual behaviors to rate various levels of performance?

A

behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)

61
Q

What keeps a log of someone’s effective and ineffective job behaviors?

A

critical-incident technique

62
Q

What includes superiors, subordinates, peers, and even customers in the appraisal process?

A

360° feedback

63
Q

What compares one person’s performance with that of others?

A

multiperson comparison

64
Q

What is the process of managing how a person grows and progresses in a career?

A

career development

65
Q

What is the process of matching career goals and individual capabilities with opportunities for their fulfillment?

A

career planning

66
Q

What does orientation do?

A

orientation familiarizes new employees with jobs, co-workers, and organizational policies and services

67
Q

What does work-life balance involve?

A

work-life balance involves balancing career demands with personal and family needs

68
Q

What are independent contractors?

A

independent contractors are hired on temporary contracts and are not part of the organization’s permanent workforce

69
Q

Define contingency workers

A

contingency workers work as needed and part-time, often on a longer-term basis

70
Q

Define merit pay

A

merit pay awards pay increases in proportion to performance contributions

71
Q

Define bonus pay

A

bonus pay plans provide one-time payments based on performance accomplishments

72
Q

Define profit sharing

A

profit sharing distributes to employees a proportion of net profits earned by the organization

73
Q

Define gain sharing

A

gain sharing allows employees to share in cost savings or productivity gains realized by their efforts

74
Q

Define stock options

A

stock options give the right to purchase shares at a fixed price in the future

75
Q

Define fringe benefits

A

fringe benefits are nonmonetary forms of compensation such as health insurance and retirement plans

76
Q

Define family-friendly benefits

A

family-friendly benefits help employees achieve better work-life balance

77
Q

Define flexible benefits

A

flexible benefits are programs that allow choice to personalize benefits within a set dollar allowance

78
Q

Define employee assistance programs

A

employee assistance programs help employees cope with personal stresses and problems

79
Q

Define labor union

A

a labor union is an organization that deals with employers on the workers’ collective behalf

80
Q

Define labor contract

A

a labor contract is a formal agreement between a union and an employer about the terms of work for union members

81
Q

Define collective bargaining

A

collective bargaining is the process of negotiating, administering, and interpreting a labor contract

82
Q

Define two-tier wage systems

A

a two-tier wage system pay new hires less than workers already doing the same jobs with more seniority

83
Q

What involves balancing career demands with personal and family needs?

A

work-life balance

84
Q

Who are hired on temporary contracts and are not part of the organization’s permanent workforce?

A

independent contractors

85
Q

Who work as needed and part-time, often on a longer-term basis?

A

contingency workers

86
Q

What awards pay increases in proportion to performance contributions?

A

merit pay

87
Q

What plans provide one-time payments based on performance accomplishments?

A

bonus pay

88
Q

What distributes to employees a proportion of net profits earned by the organization?

A

profit sharing

89
Q

What allows employees to share in cost savings or productivity gains realized by their efforts?

A

gain sharing

90
Q

What give the right to purchase shares at a fixed price in the future?

A

stock options

91
Q

What are nonmonetary forms of compensation such as health insurance and retirement plans?

A

fringe benefits

92
Q

What help employees achieve better work-life balance?

A

family-friendly benefits

93
Q

What programs that allow choice to personalize benefits within a set dollar allowance?

A

flexible benefits

94
Q

What help employees cope with personal stresses and problems?

A

employee assistance programs

95
Q

What is an organization that deals with employers on the workers’ collective behalf?

A

labor union

96
Q

What is a formal agreement between a union and an employer about the terms of work for union members?

A

labor contract

97
Q

What is the process of negotiating, administering, and interpreting a labor contract?

A

collective bargaining

98
Q

What pay new hires less than workers already doing the same jobs with more seniority?

A

two-tier wage systems

Principles of Management (15 decks)

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