Chapter 13: Takeaway 13.3: How Does Reinforcement Influence Motivation to Work? Flashcards
Define Law of Effect
The law of effect states that behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated; behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is not
Define operant conditioning
operant conditioning is the control of behavior by manipulating its consequences
Define positive reinforcement
positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior by making a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence
Define negative reinforcement
negative reinforcement strengthens a behavior by making the avoidance of an undesirable consequence contingent on its occurrence
Define punishment
punishment discourages a behavior by making an unpleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence
Define extinction
extinction discourages a behavior by making an unpleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence
Define shaping
shaping is positive reinforcement of successive approximations to the desired behavior
Define the law of contingent reinforcement
the law of contingent reinforcement states to deliver the reward only when desired behavior occurs
Define the law of immediate reinforcement
the law of immediate reinforcement states to deliver the reward as soon as possible after the desired behavior occurs
What states that behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated; behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is not?
the law of effect
What is the control of behavior by manipulating its consequences?
operant conditioning
What strengthens a behavior by making a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence?
positive reinforcement
What strengthens a behavior by making the avoidance of an undesirable consequence contingent on its occurrence?
negative reinforcement
What discourages a behavior by making an unpleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence?
punishment
What discourages a behavior by making an unpleasant consequence contingent on its occurrence?
extinction
