HIV/AIDS Flashcards

1
Q

What antibiotic is used for the treatment of PCP?

A

Cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole)

aka Bactrim

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2
Q

What is immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome?

A

A inflammatory illness that occurs shortly after starting ART

Due to inflammation against a previously asymptomatic infection

Commonly due to mycobacterium infection (TB, mycobacterium avium complex [MAC])

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3
Q

Which cancers occur at a higher prevalence in HIV patients?

A

Lymphoma

Kaposi’s sarcoma

Anal cancer

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4
Q

What is the CD4 count cutoff for treatment?

What is the cutoff for development of HIV related infections?

A

<500 cells/mm3

<200 cells/mm3

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5
Q

How is infection status monitored? What is the target while being treated?

A

Viral load in RNA copies/mL

<200 RNA copies/mL

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6
Q

What atypical infections occur in HIV patients? (think opportunistics, and skin infections)

A

Opportunistic infections

  • Cerebral toxoplasmosis
  • MAC
  • Cryptococcus neoformans
  • PCP
  • CMV retinitis

Skin

  • Shingles in a young person
  • Intra-oral warts
  • Severe or widespread herpes simplex

TB

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7
Q

When does the early nonspecific seroconversion illness of HIV occur? How long does it last for?

A

3-6 weeks after infection

3 weeks

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8
Q

What questions should you ask someone with known HIV?

A

Regularly taking meds?

Seroconversation illness? IRIS?

Viral load control?

Have you donated blood/semen in the past year?

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9
Q

What is the standard treatment regimen for HIV?

A

2 Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

  • Emtricitabine and tenofovir (combination called Truvada)

Plus either a

Non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor

  • Efavirenz

Or a Protease inhibitor

  • Atazanavir plus ritonavir

Or a integrase inhibitor

  • Raltegravir
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