3_6IntroToHerbsSupplements

Question 1

What values are included in the DRI?

Answer 1

1) RDA, 2) EAR, 3) AI, 4) UL

Question 2

What does DRI stand for?

Answer 2

dietary reference intake

Question 3

What does RDA stand for?

Answer 3

recommended dietary allowance

Question 4

What does EAR stand for?

Answer 4

estimated average requirement

Question 5

What does AI stand for?

Answer 5

adequate intake

Question 6

What does UL stand for?

Answer 6

Tolerable Upper Intake Level

Question 7

From what agency do the DRIs come from?

Answer 7

Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences (1997)

Question 8

RDA definition

Answer 8

average daily dietary intake nutritionally sufficient for 97-98% of healthy people of a particular gender

Question 9

EAR definition

Answer 9

estimate that meets the requirement of 50% of healthy people of a certain age or gender

Question 10

AI definition

Answer 10

recommended intake based on approximations for a group of healthy people when an RDA cannot be calculated?

Question 11

UL definition.

Answer 11

highest level of daily nutrient intake likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects needed for almost individuals

Question 12

DV definition

Answer 12

amount of nutrient needed for optimum health based on 2000 cal/day

Question 13

Why was DV created?

Answer 13

need for single reference number

Question 14

What are the “dirty” pesticide-containing foods?

Answer 14

1) fruits, 2) salad things, 3) potatoes

Question 15

What are the “clean” pesticide-free foods?

Answer 15

1) vegetables, 2) citrus fruits, 3) melons, 4) mushrooms, 5) onion, 6) sweet potato

Question 16

What fat-soluble vitamins are especially sensitive to toxicity?

Answer 16

A and D

Question 17

What water-soluble vitamins have toxicity?

Answer 17

1) niacin, 2) folate, 3) B6, 4) C

Question 18

What are the water-soluble vitamins?

Answer 18

B complex, folic acid, C, biotin

Question 19

What are the “major minerals?”

Answer 19

Ca, Mg, P

Question 20

What are the important trace elements?

Answer 20

Cr, Cu, Fe, Se, Zn

Question 21

What are the other vitamins that human’s can’t synthesize but get ample dietary amounts easily?

Answer 21

1) lecithin, 2) choline, 3) inositol, 3) carnitine, 4) lipoic acid, 5) lutein, 6) zeaxanthin, 7) flavonoids, 8) carotenoids

Question 22

What are the claimed “pseudovitamins?”

Answer 22

1) laetrile (B17, amygdalin), 2) pangamic acid (B15, diisopropylamine dichloroacetate), 3) gerovital (H3)

Question 23

What were the results of the 2013 US Preventive Services Task Force report?

Answer 23

insufficient evidence for cancer/CVD protection with vitamin supplements

Question 24

What were the results of the 2007 NIH panel?

Answer 24

insufficient evidence for any recommendation regarding vitamin supplements

Question 25

What were the results of the Iowa Women's Health Study?

Answer 25

increased mortality for several vitamins (esp Fe); decreased with Ca

Question 26

Why should supplements not substitute for diet?

Answer 26

food contains phytochemicals and other nutrients with better bioavailability

Question 27

What populations need vitamin supplementation?

Answer 27

1) geriatrics, 2) <1000 cal/day or limited variety, 3) smokers, 4) alcoholics, 5) pregnant/breastfeeding, 6) vegetarians

Question 28

What aspects of the geriatric population lead to need for supplementation?

Answer 28

1) lack of appetite, 2) dentures, 3) economics

Question 29

What vitamin supplementation do smokers need?

Answer 29

100 mg/day Vit C

Question 30

Why do alcoholics require supplementation?

Answer 30

poor nutrition, altered vitamin ADME

Question 31

What supplements do pregnant/breastfeeding women require?

Answer 31

1) folic aid, 2) Fe, 3) Ca

Question 32

What supplements do vegetarians need?

Answer 32

B12! Maybe Ca and Vit D