4. Dengue

Question 1

Positive-sense
single-stranded RNA

Answer 1

Dengue virus

Question 2

Dengue

Family:
Genus:

Answer 2

Dengue

Family: Flaviviridae
Genus: Flavivirus

Question 3

(4) antigenically-related dengue serotypes:

Answer 3

DENV 1, 2, 3, 4

Question 4

First recorded Dengue in Southeast Asia occurred in ___ in 1954

Answer 4

Manila

Question 5

How many are at risk of Dengue in the world’s population?

Answer 5

over 50%

Question 6

Number of Dengue infections occurring each year?

Answer 6

100-400 M

Question 7

How many deaths (Dengue)?

Answer 7

21,000

Question 8

Dengue cases in the PH?

Answer 8

48, 109

Question 9

Deaths in the PH (Dengue)

Answer 9

176

Question 10

Top 3 places with highest number of cases of Dengue?

Answer 10

1. NCR
2. CALABARZON (Region 4A)
3. Central Luzon (Region 3)

Question 11

Dengue outbreaks

Season:
Months:

Answer 11

Dengue outbreaks

Season: wet season
Months: June - February

Question 12

Dengue incident rate was highest among ___ age of children.

with over 80% of dengue related deaths occurring among individuals of less than 20 years of age

Answer 12

5-14 y.o.

Question 13

(4) Aedes spp. that transmits Dengue

Answer 13

1) A. aegyptii
2) A. albopictus
3) Ae. polynesiensis
4) Ae. niveus (Asia)

Question 14

The adult mosquitoes feed on humans during ______ hours

Answer 14

daylight

Question 15

are two peaks of biting activity of Dengue

Answer 15

1. early morning for 2-3 hours after daybreak
2. afternoon for several hours
   before dark

Question 16

A. aegyptii females often feed on several persons during a ____ blood meal

increasing the transmission rate

Answer 16

single

Question 17

DENV virus replicates in the mosquito’s _____________

Answer 17

midgut

Question 18

Extrinsic incubation period: ______ days at 25 30 C.

Answer 18

7 - 14 days (before it becomes infectious)

Question 19

Human-mosquito transmission can occur up to

Answer 19

1) 2 days before onset of symptoms

2) up to 2 days after fever has resolved

Question 20

Is there a vertical transmission in Dengue?

Answer 20

rare

Question 21

This type of cycles account for a small percentage of the global extent of the human case record, but could be increasing in relevance in
- Asia
- Africa
- South America

Answer 21

Sylvatic cycle (in Africa)

Question 22

________________ appear
to be the only amplification and
reservoir hosts of Dengue

Answer 22

Non-Human Primates (NHP)

Question 23

Dengue mosquito in South East Asia

Answer 23

Ae. niveus spp.

Question 24

Dengue virus can infect at least 84 species of ____ animal types

including 28 species of non-human primates

Answer 24

23

Question 25

Kato et al. (2011) demonstrated a "spillback event" in __________ in the Philippines, proving that NHPs can be involved in the human/urban DENV cycle

Answer 25

cynomolgous macaques

Question 26

Infection with ____ can result in asymptomatic infection to severe, potentially life threatening disease.

Answer 26

any of the four DENV

Question 27

Incubation period: ____ after the bite of the infected mosquito

Answer 27

4 - 10 days

Question 28

Symptomatic clinico-pathological features in HUMANS

Answer 28

* Non-specific febrile illness * Classical dengue fever * Dengue haemorrhagic fever * Dengue haemorrhagic fever with dengue shock syndrome, encephalopathy and liver failure

Question 29

After an infection with a DENV: ___________________________A person infected with DENV-1 cannot become ill as a result of DENV-1 infection again.

Answer 29

Lifelong type specific-immunity

Question 30

After an infection with a DENV: ____ is against other DENV types for about 2 to 6 months.

Answer 30

Short-term cross-immunity

Question 31

gold standard laboratory tests to confirm dengue virus

Answer 31

PCR of whole blood

Question 32

Other tests for Dengue: (2)

Answer 32

1) NAAT-LAMP 2) PRNT

Question 33

Gold standard to characterize and quantify circulating level of anti-DENV neutralizing antibody (NAb)

Answer 33

Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT)

Question 34

* Requested between 1-5 days of illness * Use to detect dengue virus antigen during early phase of acute dengue infection * Test is for free in all health centers and selected public hospitals nationwide

Answer 34

Dengue NS1 RDT

Question 35

* Done beyond 5 days of illness * May cross react with other arboviral diseases such as Chikungunya and Zika

Answer 35

Dengue IgM / IgG

Question 36

Is there a vaccine for Dengue?

Answer 36

YES CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia) - a live recombinant tetravalent dengue vaccine for 9-45 y.o.

Question 37

3-dose series of Dengvaxia

Answer 37

0 / 6 / 12 month schedule