4 Koch's Postulates

Question 1

What are Koch’s postulates?

Answer 1

1️⃣ Microbe in all diseased, absent in healthy
2️⃣ Isolate + grow in pure culture
3️⃣ Inoculate → same disease
4️⃣ Re-isolate same microbe

Question 2

Why are Koch’s postulates sufficient but not necessary?

Answer 2

🧬 Not all microbes culturable (e.g. viruses)
Postulates = sufficient but ≠ always applicable

Question 3

How have molecular techniques modified Koch’s postulates?

Answer 3

🔬 Still relevant molecularly → ID via DNA/RNA
Used when culture impossible