406 9 Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
Hyperbilirubinemia: if whole body is yellow or palms are yellow, there is danger of
A
kernicterus
2
Q
MMR vaccine: contraindicated with allergy to
A
eggs or neomycin
3
Q
the common cold is not a contraindication for
A
immunization
4
Q
Fever of less than 102 is a normal SE for
A
DTaP
5
Q
After immunization, to decrease pain
A
apply warm wash cloth and bicycle the baby’s legs when changing the diaper
6
Q
After immunization you can give ___ Q 4 to 6 hours
A
tylenol
7
Q
CF: child needs ___ of the usual calorie intake in order to grow and develop
A
150%
8
Q
The organism usually responsible for epiglottitis
A
H. influenzae
9
Q
Epiglottitis onset
A
sudden
10
Q
Child assuming upright sitting position with chin out
and tongue protruding (“tripod position”)
A
Epiglottitis
11
Q
Drooling and Muffled voice
A
Epiglottitis
12
Q
Epiglottitis throat exam
A
don’t examine it
13
Q
Bronchiolitis is characterized by
A
thick secretions
14
Q
Bronchiolitis is caused by a
A
virus
15
Q
Bronchiolitis should be on ___ isolation
A
contact
16
Q
Assign nurses to clients with RSV (Bronchiolitis) who have no responsibility for any other
A
children
17
Q
Otitis media: give child a ___ bath
A
tepid
18
Q
Otitis media: position child
A
on the affected side
19
Q
Otitis media: ___ compress on the affected ear
A
warm
20
Q
If related to strep, treatment is very important because
of the risk for developing acute glomerulonephritis or rheumatic heart disease.
A
Tonsillitis
21
Q
Tonsillitis: highest risk for hemorrhage is during the first 24 hours and
A
5 to 10 days after surgery
22
Q
Acyanotic or Cyanotic: tetralogy of Fallot
A
Cyanotic
23
Q
decreased pulmonary blood flow
A
Cyanotic
24
Q
Right-to-left shunts
A
Cyanotic
25
increased pulmonary blood flow
Acyanotic
26
VSD
Ventricular Septal Defect
27
Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Ventricular Septal Defect
Acyanotic
28
There is a hole between the ventricles.
Ventricular Septal Defect
29
Oxygenated blood from left ventricle is shunted to right ventricle and recirculated to the lungs
Ventricular Septal Defect
30
Ventricular Septal Defect: Small defects may
close spontaneously
31
There is a hole between the atria
Atrial Septal Defect
32
Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Atrial Septal Defect
Acyanotic
33
Oxygenated blood from the left atrium is shunted to
| the right atrium and lungs
Atrial Septal Defect
34
Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Acyanotic
35
Patent Ductus Arteriosus: Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow
Pulmonary Blood Flow
36
There is an abnormal opening between the aorta and the pulmonary artery
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
37
Patent Ductus Arteriosus: There is an abnormal opening between the
aorta and the pulmonary artery
38
Patent Ductus Arteriosus usually closes within
72 hours after birth
39
May require tx with indocin to close the hole
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
40
There is an obstructive narrowing of the aorta
Coarctation of the Aorta
41
Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Coarctation of the Aorta
Acyanotic
42
Left-to-right shunt
Acyanotic
43
Right-to-left
Cyanotic
44
Coarctation of the Aorta: A common finding is hypertension in the
upper extremities and decreased or absent pulses in the lower extremities
45
Acyanotic or Cyanotic: Aortic Stenosis
Acyanotic
46
an obstructive narrowing immediately before, at, or after the aortic valve
Aortic Stenosis
47
Aortic Stenosis: Symptoms are caused by low
cardiac output
48
Three T’s of Cyanotic Heart Disease
Tetralogy of Fallot
Truncus Arteriosus
Transposition of the Great Vessels
49
VSD
Aorta placed over and above the VSD
Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Tetralogy of Fallot
50
Tetralogy of Fallot: ____ occurs because unoxygenated blood is pumped into the systemic circulation
Cyanosis
51
Tetralogy of Fallot: Decreased ____ circulation occurs because of the PS
pulmonary
52
Tetralogy of Fallot: The child experiences __ ___, or hypoxic episodes
“tet” spells
53
Tetralogy of Fallot: child experiences “tet” spells, or hypoxic episodes; they are relieved by the child’s
squatting or being placed in the knee-chest position.
54
p_____ is common in kids with heard defects
polycythemia
55
Pulmonary artery and aorta do not separate
Truncus Arteriosus
56
Truncus Arteriosus: One main vessel receives blood from the left and right ____ together
ventricles
57
Truncus Arteriosus: Blood mixes in right and left ventricles through a large VSD, resulting in
cyanosis
58
The great vessels are reversed.
Transposition of the Great Vessels (Mixed Blood Flow)
59
Transposition of the Great Vessels: The pulmonary circulation arises from the left ventricle, and the
systemic circulation arises from the right ventricle.
60
This Cyanotic diagnosis is a medical emergency
Transposition of the Great Vessels (Mixed Blood Flow)
61
Transposition of the Great Vessels: administer
prostaglandin to keep the ductus open
62
Care of cardiac patient: diet:
feed small, frequent feedings
high-calorie formula
63
Care of cardiac patient: infants may need ___ feeding to save energy
tube feeding
64
Care of cardiac patient: because polycythemia increases risk for thrombus formation, you should maintain
hydration
65
Care of cardiac patient: neutral
thermal environment
66
CHF is more often associated with Acyanotic or Cyanotic?
Acyanotic
67
Acyanotic has abnormal circulation; however,
all blood entering the systemic circulation is oxygenated
68
Cyanotic has abnormal circulation, with
unoxygenated blood entering the systemic circulation
69
Rheumatic Fever Description: _____ disease
Inflammatory
70
the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children
Rheumatic Fever
71
Rheumatic fever is associated with an antecedent beta-
| hemolytic _____ infection
streptococcal
72
Tachycardia, even during sleep
Rheumatic fever
73
Migratory large-joint pain
Rheumatic fever
74
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Rheumatic fever
75
Rheumatic fever: irregular involuntary movements that are called
Chorea
76
Rheumatic fever: Reassure child and family that chorea is
temporary
77
Rheumatic fever: Administer prescribed medications: ___ or ____
Penicillin or erythromycin
78
Rheumatic fever: Encourage ___ ___
bed rest
79
Rheumatic fever: assist with ____
ambulation
80
Down syndrome is associated with maternal age over
35
81
Down syndrome: teach parents the use of
bulb syringe for suctioning
82
Down syndrome: Feed to the
back and side of mouth
83
Down syndrome: Refer family to ___ ___ program.
early intervention
84
UTI: Teach to increase ___ oral fluids (e.g., apple juice, cranberry juice).
acidic
85
Cleft palate may not be identified until the infant has
difficulty with feeding
86
Initial closure of cleft lip is performed when infant weighs
| approximately
10 pounds
87
Closure of palate defect is usually performed at 1
year
88
postoperative care for cleft LIP: position client on
side or upright (not prone)
89
postoperative care for cleft palate: position client on __ or ___
side or abdomen
90
Vomiting (free of bile) usually begins after 14 days of
| life and becomes projectile
Pyloric Stenosis
91
Hungry, fretful infant
Pyloric Stenosis
92
Pyloric Stenosis: Metabolic ____
alkalosis
93
Palpable olive-shaped mass in upper right quadrant of
| the abdomen
Pyloric Stenosis
94
Visible peristaltic waves
Pyloric Stenosis
95
Prognosis for Pyloric Stenosis surgery
excellent
96
Pyloric Stenosis: Position on ___ side in semi-Fowler position after feeding.
right
97
Pyloric Stenosis: ___ frequently to avoid stomach becoming distended and putting pressure on surgical site.
Burp
98
Acute, intermittent abdominal pain
Screaming, with legs drawn up to abdomen
Intussusception
99
Sausage-shaped mass in upper right quadrant while
| lower right quadrant is empty
Intussusception
100
Intussusception: Monitor carefully for
shock and bowel perforation
101
There is a lack of peristalsis in the area of the colon
| where the ganglion cells are absent
Aganglionic Megacolon
102
Aganglionic Megacolon: ___ ___ accumulate above the aganglionic area of the bowel
Fecal contents
103
Distended abdomen, chronic constipation alternating with diarrhea
Aganglionic Megacolon
104
Aganglionic Megacolon take temperature via
axillary
105
Aganglionic Megacolon: Teach family to begin toilet training after age
2
