4.1 Classification of Skills

Question 1

What is whole practise?

Answer 1

skill is practised without any breakdown of subroutines- allows player to develop kinaesthesis

Question 2

What is part practise?

Answer 2

skill is broken down into subroutines and a particular part of skill is practised

Question 3

What is whole - part -practise?

Answer 3

kill is practised without any breaks, a subroutine is selected and practised in isolation to improve and then put together

Question 4

What is progressive part practise?

Answer 4

first link is practised, then the second link is practised, then put together before adding third

Question 5

What is fixed practise

Answer 5

practise done in stable and predictable environment

Question 6

What is varied practise

Answer 6

practise which is done in more unpredictable and changing environment

Question 7

What is massed practise

Answer 7

continuous practise session. Good for gross skills and building strength

Question 8

What is distributed practise?

Answer 8

practise session that involves rest intervals which could be used for feedback or tasks unrelated to the session

Question 9

What are the 6 catergories involved with skills?

Answer 9

• muscular involvement
• environmental infleunce
• pacing
• organisation
• difficulty
• serial

Question 10

What are the two skills in muscular involvement ?

Answer 10

• gross

- fine

Question 11

What is a gross skill?

Answer 11

those that involve large muscular movements

Question 12

What is a fine skill?

Answer 12

involve small muscular movements

Question 13

What are the two skills for environmental influence?

Answer 13

• open skills

- closed skills

Question 14

What is an open skill?

Answer 14

effected by environment, movements have to be constantly adapting

Question 15

What is a closed skill?

Answer 15

not effected by environment, it is a predictable movement

Question 16

What are the two skills in pacing?

Answer 16

• self paced skills

- externally paced skills

Question 17

What uis a self paced skill?

Answer 17

when performer controls the speed or timing

Question 18

What is an externally paced skill?

Answer 18

where the environment controls timing or speed

Question 19

What are the two skills in oganisation?

Answer 19

• high organisation

- low organisation

Question 20

What is a high organisation skill?

Answer 20

are ones that are difficult to separate and practice

Question 21

What is a low organisation skill?

Answer 21

ones that are easy to separate and practice

Question 22

What are the two skills in dificulty?

Answer 22

complex skills

simple skills

Question 23

What is a complex skill?

Answer 23

ones that require a lot of decisions and concentration

Question 24

What are simple skills?

Answer 24

are ones with very few decisions to make

Question 25

What are the skills in serial?

Answer 25

- dicrete skills - continuous skills - seriel skills

Question 26

What are discrete skills?

Answer 26

clear beginning and end

Question 27

What are continuous skills?

Answer 27

no clear beginning or end

Question 28

What are serial skills?

Answer 28

a set of discrete skills which are put together in one movement

Question 29

Give examples of fine skills?

Answer 29

- pistol shooting - bounce pass - throwing a dart

Question 30

Give examples of gross skills?

Answer 30

- long jump | - rugby tackle

Question 31

Give examples of open skills?

Answer 31

- pass into netball D | - rugby tackle

Question 32

Give examples of closed skills?

Answer 32

gymnastics | - 100m sprint

Question 33

Give examples of self-paced skills?

Answer 33

penelty shot in netball - golf shot - gymnastics

Question 34

Give examples of externally paced skills?

Answer 34

- table tennis return | - pass into D in netball

Question 35

Give example of simple skills?

Answer 35

- swimming - cycling - 100m sprint

Question 36

Give examples of complex skills?

Answer 36

- badminton serve - shooting in hockey - pass into nebtall D

Question 37

Give examples of low organisation skills?

Answer 37

tennis serve | breathstroke

Question 38

Give examples of high organisation?

Answer 38

running, cycling

Question 39

Give examples of discrete skills?

Answer 39

hockey penelty flick | 100m sprint

Question 40

Give examples of serial skills?

Answer 40

pole vault

Question 41

Give an example of continuous skills?

Answer 41

cycling

Question 42

disadvantages of whole practise?

Answer 42

difficult for low ability learners who may struggle with whole skill

Question 43

advantage of whole practise?

Answer 43

allows performer to develop kinaesthesis

Question 44

advantages of part practise?

Answer 44

good for beginners who may find practising whole skill difficult

Question 45

Disadvantages of part practise?

Answer 45

- limits awareness of whole skill | - limits information overload

Question 46

Advantages of whole-part -whole practise?

Answer 46

allows performer to focus on weak areas of performance and improve

Question 47

What are the disadvantages of whole-part-whole practise?

Answer 47

Difficult for low ability learners – lots of information – information overload

Question 48

What are the progressive part advantages?

Answer 48

helps performer learn links between subroutines

Question 49

What are the disadvantages of progressive part advantages?

Answer 49

de-motivation for high ability learners who may be able to practise the skill as a whole

Question 50

What are the distribted advantages?

Answer 50

good to use with tiring skills where tiredness can lead to injury , allows feedback to be given in rest intervals, good for beginners or low fitness performers

Question 51

What are the distributed disadvantages?

Answer 51

- Rest intervals may disjoint the practise which could hinder learning, - hard to regain intensity and concentration after long breaks, - long breaks can be demotivation for some performers who prefer high-intensity

Question 52

What are the distributed advantages?

Answer 52

- good to use with tiring skills where tiredness can lead to injury - allows feedback to be given in rest intervals, - good for beginners or low fitness performers

Question 53

What are the massed advantages?

Answer 53

good for high ability performers, good for short duration discrete skills

Question 54

What are the massed disadvantages?

Answer 54

- Can be boring or exhausting for some performers, | - can lead to overuse injuries due to repetitive nature

Question 55

Fixed practise advantages

Answer 55

+ allows perform to overlearn/groove/ perfect skill, | + helps performer develop kinaesthesis for a skill as the same movement is repeated over and over

Question 56

Fixed practise disadvantages?

Answer 56

- Can be boring - Not good for open skills, doesn’t prepare performer for match environment - Lead to overuse injuries

Question 57

Varied practise advantages?

Answer 57

prepares performer for a variety of situations that may happen in a match, keeps performer interested and motivated

Question 58

Varied practise disadvantages?

Answer 58

- To be effective basic skills must already be learned through fixed skill practise - Can be confusing, overwhelming for beginner performer

Question 59

Examples of whole practise?

Answer 59

- golf swing - cartweel - sprinting

Question 60

Part practise examples?

Answer 60

- gymnastics/ dance routine

Question 61

Examples of whole-part practise?

Answer 61

swimming

Question 62

Example of progressive part practise?

Answer 62

triple jump

Question 63

Example of massed practise

Answer 63

continuously shooting in netball or football

Question 64

Example of distributed practise?

Answer 64

volleyball serves or badminton serve (review footage)

Question 65

Example of fixed practise?

Answer 65

basketball or netball shot

Question 66

Example of varied practise?

Answer 66

passing with a defender in ball games