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Sociology > 4.1 couples > Flashcards

4.1 couples Flashcards

1
Q

the domestic division of labour

what two roles does parson identify?

A
  • instrumental role- dad, success at work, financial support for family, breadwinner
  • expressive role- mum, primary socialisation of children, meeting families emotional needs, home-maker
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2
Q

the domestic division of labour

why do parson’s roles fit men and women

A

men suited to be provider
woman more naturally nurturing

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3
Q

the domestic division of labour

what do Young and Willmott say in disagreement with parsons

A

men are now taking a greater share of domestic tasks and wives also becoming wage earners

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4
Q

the domestic division of labour

what do feminists argue against parsons?

A

reject the idea that the division of labour is equal and that is is actually massively imbalanced

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5
Q

the domestic division of labour

who identifies 2 types of conjugal roles?

A

Bott

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6
Q

the domestic division of labour

what are the 2 types of conjugal roles?

A
  • segregated conjugal roles- the couple have separate roles, a man and a woman who does housework, leisure activities separate
  • joint conjugal roles- the couple share tasks such as housework and childcare and spend their leisure time together
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7
Q

the domestic division of labour

Yound and Willmott identified what in Bethnal Green, East London?

A
  • a pattern of segregated conjugal roles in traditional extended working class families
  • men breadwinners, little part in homelife, leisure in pubs and working mens clubs
  • women full time housewives responsible for housework and childcare
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8
Q

the domestic division of labour

who suggests a symmetrical family?

A

Young and Willmott

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9
Q

the domestic division of labour

what does the ‘march of progress’ view consist of?

A

family life gradually improving for all it’s members, becoming more equal and democratic.

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10
Q

the domestic division of labour

features of the symmetrical family

A
  • women now go out to work
  • men now help out with childcare and housework
  • couples now spend leisure time together instead of separately
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11
Q

the domestic division of labour

who was the symmetrical family more common amongst?

A

younger couples
those geographically and socially isolated
the more affluent

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12
Q

the domestic division of labour

examples of major social changes that have caused the rise of the symmetrical nuclear family

A
  • changes in women’s postitions e.g. married women going to work
  • geographical mobility- more couples living away from where they grew up
  • new tech and labour saving devices
  • higher standards of living
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13
Q

the domestic division of labour

why do feminists reject the march of progress view?

A
  • argue little has changed, still unequal in the family
  • bc society is male dominated (patriarchal)
  • women occupy a subordinate and dependant role within the family and wider society
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14
Q

the domestic division of labour

why does Ann Oakley oppose Young and Willmott’s view that the family is symmetrical?

A
  • their claims are exaggerated
  • e.g. despite findings the fact that husbnads helped their wives out at least once a week this could simply include taking children to park or making breakfast on one occasion
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15
Q

the domestic division of labour

what evidence did oakley find for husbands helping in the home but not symmetry?

A
  • only 15% had high participation in house work
  • only 25% in childcare
  • husbands more likely to share childcare rather than housework due to it’s pleasurable aspects
  • boulton- only 20% men have a role in childcare
  • warde- sex typing on domestic tasks- wives 30x more likely to have washed dishes, men 4x more likely to have washed car
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16
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

what two questions come as a result of both partners working?

A
  • is there a “new man” taking responsibility and doing an equal share of housework and childcare?
  • or does it mean that women now have a dual burden of paid and house work?
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17
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

what stance does the march of progress view take on the impact of paid work?

A
  • optimistic view
  • leads to a more equal division of labour in the home
  • men more involved in housework, women in paidwork
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18
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

gershuny (march of progress view) says that women working full time leads to..

A
  • more equal division of labour in the home
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19
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

sullivan (march of progress view) analysed nationally representative data and found that…

A
  • trend towards women doing less domestic work and men doing more
  • thus men doing more traditional womens tasks
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20
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

what is the feminist stance on the impact of paid work?

A
  • women in paid work not led to greater equality of domestic labour
  • little sign of a “new man”
  • women carry out a dual burden
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21
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

in 2012 men and women did …. hours different in house work and care for family members

A
  • house work- men: 8 hours, women 13 hours
  • family care- men: 10 hours, women: 23 hours
22
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

Dex and Ward found that when it came to sick three year olds…

A
  • only 1% took responsibility of child, despite high involvement
23
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

hochschild identifies a ____ shift, meaning…

A
  • triple shift
  • women have to perform housework, paid work and emotional work
  • e.g. handling jealousies and squabbles between children and complaints from husband
24
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

what 2 different explanations do Cromptom and Lyonette identify to be the reason of the unequal division of labour?

A
  • the cultural explanation- patriarchal norms and values
  • the material explanation- women generally earn less than men
25
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

cultural: Gillian dunne explained that lesbian couples had more symmetrical relationships because…

A
  • … there was an absense of heterosexual “gender scripts” that set out the roles men and women are supposed to play in relationships
26
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

cultural: man yee kan says…

A
  • there has been a general shift in behaviour
  • most men believe that they do more domestic work that their dad, women less than their mum
27
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

cultural: the british social attitudes survey found what difference in under 35’s and over 65’s?

A
  • 10% under 35 agreed with traditional roles
  • 30% over 65’s
28
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

material: what link did arber and ginn find when middle class women were better paid?

A
  • they were more able to buy commercial produucts like labour saving devices
29
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

for every £10,000 salary increase a women does what?

A
  • 2 hours less housework each week
30
Q

are couples becoming more equal?

material: ramos discovered that when the woman was full time breadwinner and the man was unemployed that…

A

they did the same amount of housework

31
Q

resources and decision making in households

according to barret and mcintosh, what were the different gender roles regarding resources?

A

men usually make the decisions about spending on important items
the financial support husbands give their wives often has “strings” attached

32
Q

resources and decision making in households

what are the two types of control over family income?

A
  • the allowance system- men give their wives an allowance to budget the family needs, the man retaining any surplus income for himself.
  • pooling- both partners have access to income and joint responsibility for expendure
33
Q

resources and decision making in households

who made what decisions according to edgell?

A
  • very important (e.g. moving house)- man
  • important (e.g. childs school)- woman
  • less important (food purchases)- woman
34
Q

resources and decision making in households

femenists believe that the idea that men are decision makers is…

A

… deeply ingrained in both men and women in society and until that definition changes, their will not be much societal change

35
Q

resources and decision making in households

why does pahl think we need to understand the meaning of money for couples?

A
  • pooing=equal??
  • need to find out who contributes more and how much each put in
36
Q

resources and decision making in households

what is the personal life perspective on money?

A
  • focuses on the meanings couples give to who controls the money
  • same sex couples often attach no meaning to it but more so in hetrosexual couples
37
Q

domestic violence

domestic violence definition

A

any incident or pattern of incidents of controlling, coersive or threatening behaviour, violencew or abuse between those aged 16 or over, who are or have been intimate partners or family members regardless of gender or sexuality

38
Q

domestic violence

instead of viewing DV as a behaviour carried out by a few sick individuals sociologists believe that…

A
  • domestic violence is far too wide spread- womens aid federation believe that DV account for between 1/6 to 1/4 of all recorded violent crimes
  • domestic violence doesn’t occur randomly- follows social patterns (e.g mainly men against women) 2 women a week are killed by a partner or former partner
39
Q

domestic violence

dobash and dobash conducted research in scotland on police, court records and interviews with women in womens refuges. they found…

A
  • marriage legitimates violence against women by conferring powery and authority on husbands and dependancy on wives
40
Q

domestic violence

the crime survey for england and wales found what gender gap?

A
  • 7.3% women experienced DV
  • compared to 5% men
  • (challenges dobash’s findings)
41
Q

domestic violence

why did dar say it can be difficult to separate DV incidences?

A
  • abuse can be continuous or be so frequent that the individual can’t recall separate instances
42
Q

domestic violence

statistics: ..% of all incidences are men against women

A

99

43
Q

domestic violence

statistics: nearly ../4 women have been assulted by a partner at some point in their life time and 1/8…

A
  • 1
  • repeatedly so
44
Q

domestic violence

yearshire found that on average it takes .. assults until a woman reports it

A
  • 35
45
Q

domestic violence

why are state agencies reluctant to get involved in sorting DV (cheal)

A

dont want to interfere with family matters, the family is private and individuals have the ability to leave if they wish to do so

46
Q

domestic violence

what are the two explanations of domestic violence?

A

the radical feminist explanation
the materialist explanation

47
Q

domestic violence

what is the radical feminist explanation of domestic violence?

A
  • all society founded on patriarchy
  • men are the enemy and will always continue to exploit women
  • family and marriage are key institutions in patriarchal society, opressing women
  • men dominate through domestic violence or the threat of it
  • male domination of all the state institutions
48
Q

domestic violence

evaluation of rf explanation: elliot says that not all…

A

men are agressive and most are opposed to domestic violence

49
Q

domestic violence

evaluation of rf explanation: fails to explain female violence such as…

A
  • child abuse or women to men
  • also men can be part of vunerable groups, disabled, young
50
Q

domestic violence

what is the materialistic explanation of DV?

A
  • see domestic violence as a result of stress from low income
51
Q

domestic violence

evaluation of the materialistic explanation of DV: marxist feminist fran ansley believes women to be…

A
  • “takers of shit” - believes dv to be a result of capitalism- male workers are exploited at work and take it out on their wives at home
52
Q
A

Sociology (12 decks)

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