September 1, 2015 - Antibiotics List

Question 1

Penicillin

Answer 1

Class: ß-lactam

Activity: Gram +

MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 2

Aminopenicillin

Answer 2

Class: ß-lactam

Activity: Gram +

MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Eg. ampicillin

Question 3

Cloxacillin

Answer 3

Class: ß-lactam

Activity: Gram +

MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Used against staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase. Due to its large R chain, beta-lactamases cannot bind.

Question 4

Vancomycin

Answer 4

Class: ß-lactam

Activity: Gram +

MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Used particularly against MRSA infections.

Question 5

Cephalosporins

Answer 5

Class: ß-lactam

Activity: Mainly Gram + but later generations also include Gram -

MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis

1st generation cephalosporins are highly effective against gram-positive organisms but do not have much effect against gram-negative. As the generations progress, it becomes more and more effective against gram negative.

Question 6

Tetracycline Class

Answer 6

Class: Tetracycline

Activity: Broad Spectrum

MOA: Inhibits protein synthesis

Question 7

Macrolide Class

Answer 7

Class: Macrolides

Activity: Gram + and limited Gram -

MOA: Protein synthesis inhibitor

Question 8

Quinolone Class

Answer 8

Class: Quinolone

Activity: Broad spectrum

MOA: Inhibit DNA Synthesis

Eg. Fluoroquinones. Can be used to treat intracellular bacteria.

Question 9

Ciprofloxacin

Answer 9

Class: Quinolone

Target: Broad spectrum

MOA: Inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 10

Clindamycin

Answer 10

Class: Lincosamide

Activity: Aerobic Gram + and Anaerobic Gram -

MOA: Protein synthesis inhibitor

Question 11

Metronidazole

Answer 11

Class: Nitroimidazole

Activity: Broad spectrum anaerobes

MOA: Nucleic acid inhibitor

Question 12

Aztreonam

Answer 12

Class: ß-Lactam

Activity: Gram -

MOA: Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 13

Colistin

Answer 13

Class: Polymyxin

Activity: Gram -

MOA: Disrupts cell membrane

Question 14

Aminoglycoside Class

Answer 14

Class: Aminoglycoside

Activity: Gram -

MOA: Protein synthesis inhibitor