41c - Occular Pharm

Question 1

What response will an adrenergic agonist have on ciliary epithelium?

Answer 1

aqueous production

Question 2

What effect will opiates have on pupils?

Answer 2

pinpoint pupils. They block the effects of inhibitory neurons, resulting in unregulated cholinergics (meiosis)

Question 3

What is gardener’s eye?

Answer 3

Datura or Angel trumpet plants release alkaloids like scopalmine and atropine that cause fixed pupil dilation

Question 4

MOA of dipivefrin?

Answer 4

prodrug for epinephrien for glaucoma management. converted by local esterase

Question 5

MOA of latanoprost?

Answer 5

prodrug for prostaglandin F2 (PGF2). used for glaucoma mangement. Converted by Esterase

Question 6

MOA of atropine

Answer 6

muscarinic antagonist.

Question 7

MOA of homotropine

Answer 7

muscarinic antagonist

Question 8

MOA of tropicamide

Answer 8

muscarinic antagonist

Question 9

MOA of cyclopentolate

Answer 9

muscarinic antagonist

Question 10

MOA of scopalamine

Answer 10

muscarinic antagonist

Question 11

ADE of muscarinic antagonists?

Answer 11

increased intraocular pressure, transient sting.
Systemic effects of dry mouth, photophobia, tachycardia, palpitations, headache, somnolence

CI in glaucoma due to pressure and sulfite allergies

Question 12

MOA of latanoprost

Answer 12

prostaglandin analog, used for glaucoma

Question 13

MOA of travoprost

Answer 13

prostaglandin analog, used for glaucoma

Question 14

MOA of bimatroprost

Answer 14

prostaglandin analog, used for glaucoma

Question 15

MOA of timolol maleate

Answer 15

B-receptor antagonist, used for glaucoma

Question 16

MOA of levobunolol

Answer 16

B-receptor antagonist, used for glaucoma

Question 17

MOA of metipranolol

Answer 17

B-receptor antagonist, used for glaucoma

Question 18

MOA of carteolol

Answer 18

B-receptor antagonist, used for glaucoma

Question 19

MOA of dorzolamide

Answer 19

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. used for glaucoma.

Reduces bicarb secretion and thus fluid transport, decreasing intraocular pressure.

Question 20

MOA of brinzolamide

Answer 20

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. used for glaucoma.

Reduces bicarb secretion and thus fluid transport, decreasing intraocular pressure.

Question 21

ADE of PGF2 analogs?

Answer 21

acute blurred vision, burning stinging/itching.

Chronic - slow and permanent brown pigmentation of iris, eyelid and eyelashes along with increased growth

Question 22

MOA of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Answer 22

localized irritation, burning, bacterial contamination.

Blurred vision, lacrimation, photophobia, xerophthalmia(no tears), sulfa allergies!

Question 23

MOA of carbachol

Answer 23

muscarinic agonist and cholinesterase inhibitor. increases aqueous humor flow

Question 24

MOA of pilocarpine

Answer 24

muscarinic agonist and cholinesterase inhibitor. increases aqueous humor flow

Question 25

MOA of acetylcholine HCL

Answer 25

muscarinic agonist and cholinesterase inhibitor. increases aqueous humor flow

Question 26

MOA of echothiophate

Answer 26

muscarinic agonist and cholinesterase inhibitor. increases aqueous humor flow

Question 27

ADE of antiVEGF?

Answer 27

arterial thromboembolic evetnts.

Question 28

MOA of verteporfin?

Answer 28

IV non-thermal laser-activator that generates free radicals and generates vessel damage and platelet activation and occlusion.

Question 29

ADE of verteporfin

Answer 29

headache, visual disturbances, photosensitization (avoid light for 5 days)