Flashcards in 4.2 Pharynx Deck (59)
Loading flashcards...
1
Where is the larynx, nasal cavity, and oral cavity located in relation to the pharynx?
Anterior to pharynx
2
The nasopharynx extends posterolaterally as the ...
pharyngeal recess
3
What does the nasopharynx communicate with the oropharynx through?
pharyngeal isthmus (space between uvula and post. pharyngeal wall)
4
What does the nasopharynx communicate with the middle ear cavity through?
opening of auditory tube (pharyngotympanic tube)
5
Pharyngeal end of the cartilaginous part of auditory tube covered with mucus membrane
Torus tubarius
6
Mucus fold extended from torus tubarius; caused by underlining muscle of the same name
Salpingopharyngeal fold
7
What are the 2 tonsils of the nasopharynx cavity?
pharyngeal and tubal tonsils (over torus tubarius)
8
What tonsil is called an adenoid when enlarged and where is it found?
pharyngeal tonsil; base of skull, pharyngeal recess
9
What is the oropharynx superior to?
upper margin of epiglottis
10
Through what does the oropharynx communicate with the oral cavity?
oropharyngeal isthmus between the two arches
11
What is the anterior pillar of the throat, and the larger arch, caused by underlining muscle of the same name?
Palatoglossal arch (fold)
12
What is the posterior pillar of the throat, and the smaller arch, caused by underlining muscle of the same name?
Palatopharyngeal arch
13
Where is the palatine tonsil?
half embedded in the tonsillar bed, between the 2 arches
14
What are the depressions (the line of mucosal reflection of the tongue onto the ant. epiglottis) on either side of the media glossoepiglottic fold called?
valleculae
15
What are coanae, and what 2 anatomical areas do they separate?
posterior nasal apertures; between nasal cavity and nasopharynx
16
The laryngopharynx is posterior to the larynx, extending from the upper margin of the epiglottis to the ...
inferior border of cricoid cartilage, where it is continuous with esophagus
17
Through what opening does the laryngopharynx communicate with the larynx?
laryngeal adieus (inlet), formed by epiglottis and mucous folds
18
What are the depressions on either side of the larynx called, that correspond to the spot on the thyrohyoid membrane where internal laryngeal n. and superior laryngeal a. pierce it?
piriform recess
19
What tonsils make up Waldeyer's pharyngeal lymphoid ring?
Pharyngeal, Tubal, Palatine, and Lingual
20
Where is the lingual tonsil located?
posterior aspect of tongue
21
What anatomical landmark is slightly superior to the piriform recess on either side?
greater horn of hyoid bone
22
What are the 4 layers that make up the pharyngeal wall from superficial to deep?
1. Buccopharyngeal fascia
2. Pharyngeal mm.
3. Pharyngobasilar fascia
4. Pharyngeal mucosa
23
Which layer can be seen in isolation superiorly and inferiorly from the back of the pharynx?
Pharyngobasilar fascia
24
What is the primary innervation for the constrictor and longitudinal muscles of the pharynx, except stylopharyngeus m.?
pharyngeal branches of CN X via pharyngeal plexus
25
Where does the superior constrictor m. arise from?
Primarily: pterygomandibular raphe (ligament)
Sup: lower 1/3 of posterior border of medial pterygoid plate
Inf: alveolar process of mandible
26
What does the superior constrictor m. attach to?
median raphe on the posterior pharyngeal wall
27
Which muscle is positioned in the plane continuous with the sup. constrictor m. and deviates laterally allowing the internal wall of the oral cavity to be continuous with the pharynx?
buccinator m.
28
What innervates the buccinator m.?
CN VII
29
Where does the middle constrictor m. arise from?
upper margin of greater horn and posterior margin of lesser horn of hyoid bone
30
