Psych Chapter 1.1

Question 0

critical thinking

Answer 0

smarter thinking that examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions

Question 1

hindsight bias

Answer 1

knowing a solution which then makes it seem inevitable, aka the i-knew-it-all-along phenomenon

Question 2

theory

Answer 2

explains through an integrated set of principles that organizes or predicts behaviors and events

Question 3

hypothesis

Answer 3

a theory which provides testable predictions

Question 4

operational definition

Answer 4

a way scientists report their research and allow for replications

Question 5

replication

Answer 5

the repetition of an experiment to produce more observations

Question 6

case study

Answer 6

psychologists study one individual in great depth in the hope of revealing truths about all of human nature

Question 7

survey

Answer 7

asks many people to report their behavior or opinions and looks at many subjects in less depth

Question 8

false consensus effect

Answer 8

the tendency to overestimate others’ agreement with us

Question 9

population

Answer 9

the whole group one wants to study or describe

Question 10

random sample

Answer 10

a group in which each person in a population has an equal chance to participate

Question 11

naturalistic observation

Answer 11

watching and recording the behavior of organisms in their natural environment

Question 12

correlation

Answer 12

when surveys or naturalistic observation reveal that one trait or behavior accompanies another

Question 13

scatterplot

Answer 13

graphs of dots that show the relationship between any two variables