History Chapter 18 Vocab

Question 0

imperialism

Answer 0

the policy of extending one nation’s authority over other countries by econmic, military, or political means

Question 1

Queen Liliuokalani

Answer 1

queen of Hawaii at the time America overthrows that monarchy and appoints Dole as head of government

Question 2

Alfred T. Mahan

Answer 2

admiral of the Navy who urged government officials to build up naval power to compete with other powerful countries

Question 3

William Seward

Answer 3

Secretary of State under Lincoln and Johnson, who arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million but had trouble convincing the House of Reps to approve the purchase

Question 4

Pearl Harbor

Answer 4

the best port in Hawaii where the American Navy decides to set up a powerful naval base where American ships could refuel

Question 5

Sanford B. Dole

Answer 5

After overthrowing the Hawaiian monarchy, the US appoints him as leader of government in Hawaii

Question 6

José Martí

Answer 6

Cuban journalist/poet living in New York who started a revolution in 1895 by organizing Cubans against the powers of Spain

Question 7

Valeriano Weyler

Answer 7

A Spanish general sent to attempt to squash the Cuban revolt, created camps surrounded by barbed-wire and kept Cuban rebels there where thousands died

Question 8

yellow journalism

Answer 8

the use of sensationalized and exaggerated reporting by newspapers or magazines to attract readers

Question 9

U.S.S. Maine

Answer 9

a ship sent to Cuba to bring home American citizens in order to prevent deaths and to protect American property, exploded in the harbor of Havana for unknown reasons which sparked the US participation in the Cuban rebellion

Question 10

George Dewey

Answer 10

commanded an open fire on Spanish fleets at Manila and destroyed every Spanish ship, which allowed the US access to the Philippines; the Filipinos also wanted freedom from Spain so they joined the forces

Question 11

Rough Riders

Answer 11

voluntary cavalry under the command of Leonard Wood and Theodore Roosevelt

Question 12

San Juan Hill

Answer 12

most famous land battle in Cuba; Rough Riders and black troops charged uphill to allow an infantry to attack

Question 13

Treaty of Paris

Answer 13

the treaty ending the Spanish-American War in which Spain freed Cuba, gave Guam and Puerto Rico to America, and sold the Philippines to the US for $20 million

Question 14

Foraker Act

Answer 14

passed in 1900, US ends military rule in Puerto Rico and sets up a civil government

Question 15

Platt Amendment

Answer 15

• Cuba could not make treaties that might limit its independence or permit a foreign power to control any part of its territory
• the United States reserved the right to intervene in Cuba
• Cuba was not to go into debt that its government could not repay
• the United States could buy or lease land on the island for naval stations and refueling stations

Question 16

protectorate

Answer 16

a country whose affairs are partially controlled by a stronger power

Question 17

Emilio Aguinaldo

Answer 17

leader of rebellion in the Philippines caused by Treaty of Paris

Question 18

John Hay

Answer 18

Secretary of State who issued the Open Door notes

Question 19

Open Door notes

Answer 19

messages sent by John Hay in 1899 to Germany, Russia, Britian, France, Italy, and Japan asking them not to interfere with the US trade in China

Question 20

Boxer Rebellion

Answer 20

a 1900 rebellion in which Chinese members of a secret society fought to free their country from Western influence

Question 21

Panama Canal

Answer 21

an artificial waterway opened in 1914 that connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the isthmus of Panama

Question 22

Roosevelt Corollary

Answer 22

1904 extension to the Monroe Doctrine, US claimed right to protect economic interests by means of military intervention

Question 23

dollar diplomacy

Answer 23

US policy of using economic power to exert influence over other countries

Question 24

Francisco “Pancho” Villa

Answer 24

one of the leaders of the Mexican rebellion who threatened reprisals against the US and led a raid in New Mexico in which 17 Americans were killed

Question 25

Emiliano Zapata

Answer 25

one of the leaders of the Mexican rebellion, dedicated to land reform, son of a mestizo peasant

Question 26

John J. Pershing

Answer 26

sent to capture Villa who eluded him for a whole year, his presence and the presence of US troops on the Mexican border angered Mexican government