History Chapter 26 Vocab

Question 0

satellite nation

Answer 0

A country that is dominated politically and economically by another nation

Question 1

United Nations (UN)

Answer 1

An international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, sincerity, and economic development

Question 2

containment

Answer 2

The blocking of another nation’s attempt to spread its influence-especially the efforts of the US to block the spread of Soviet influence during the 1940s and 50s

Question 3

Iron curtain

Answer 3

A phrase used by Winston Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated Communist countries in the Soviet bloc of Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe

Question 4

Cold War

Answer 4

The state f hostility without direct military conflict that developed between the US and the Soviet Union after WWII

Question 5

Truman Doctrine

Answer 5

A US policy announced by Truman in 1947 of providing economic and military aid to free nations threaten by internal or external opponents

Question 6

Marshall Plan

Answer 6

The program proposed buy Secretary of State George Marshall in 1947, under which the US supplied economic aid to European nations to help them rebuild after WWII

Question 7

Berlin airlift

Answer 7

A 327 day operation in which US and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948

Question 8

NATO

Answer 8

A defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by 10 Western European nations, the US, and Canada

Question 9

Chiang Kai-shek

Answer 9

A nationalist government against which Chinese Communists struggled and was supported by the US; US sent them almost 3 billion dollars in aid between 45’-49’

Question 10

Mao Zedong

Answer 10

Communist leader in China who gained strength throughout the country and worked to win the support of peasants

Question 11

Taiwan

Answer 11

The place of refuge for Chiang after the fall of the Nationalist government against the Communistic one in China; Communism now ruled in all of mainland China

Question 12

38th parallel

Answer 12

38º North latitude, the place where Japanese troops surrendered to the Soviets to the north and surrendered to the Americans to the south; two nations developed because of this, one democratic and the other communist

Question 13

Korean War

Answer 13

A conflict between North and South Korea from 1950-1953 in which the US and the UN fought on the side of the South against the Chinese and the North Koreans

Question 14

HUAC (House UN-American Activities Comittee)

Answer 14

A congressional committee that investigated Communist influence in and outside of the US in the years following WWII

Question 15

Hollywood Ten

Answer 15

Ten witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUAC’s investigation of Communist influence in Hollywood

Question 16

Alger Hiss

Answer 16

Accused by former Communist spy Whittaker Chambers of being a spy for the Soviet Union, these claims were pursued by Richard Nixon

Question 17

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

Answer 17

Accused by German-born physicist Klaus Fuchs of passing on information about the atomic bomb to Soviet scientists

Question 18

Joseph McCarthy

Answer 18

Famous anti-Communist, Republican from Wisconsin, acquired a reputation for being an ineffective legislator

Question 19

McCarthyism

Answer 19

The attacks often unsubstantiated, by Senator McCarthy and others on people suspected of being Communists in the early 1950s

Question 20

U-2 Incident

Answer 20

The downing of a US spy plane and capture of its pilot Francis Gary Powers by the Soviet Union in 1960