4.3,5.3 Lessons

Question 1

What gram negative nonproteobacteria is extremely thin and hair to stain and culture?

Answer 1

Spirochetes

Question 2

T/F Spirochetes have axial filament similar to flagella

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the 2 key Spirochetes species?

Answer 3

Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 4

Which Spirochetes is the causative agent for syphilis?

Answer 4

Treponema pallidum

Question 5

Which Spirochetes causes Lyme disease?

Answer 5

Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 6

What gram negative nonproteobacteria breaks down complex carbs and has similar metabolic and genetic characteristics?

Answer 6

The CFB group

Question 7

Which genus in the CFB group uses a gliding system for motility?

Answer 7

Cytophaga

Question 8

Which genus in the CFB group inhabits the mouth and can cause various oral disease?

Answer 8

Fusobacterium

Question 9

Which genus in the CFB group makes up 30% of the gut microbiome? Lower levels of it is correlated with obesity

Answer 9

Bacteroides

Question 10

Which gram negative nonproteobacteria is found in aquatic environments: fresh, salt, and brackish? They reproduce via budding

Answer 10

Planctomycetes

Question 11

What are the 2 types of cells important in planctomycetes and what are they?

Answer 11

Sessile cells-immobile with holdfast appendage
Swarmer cells- motile, unable to reproduce

Question 12

What is a gram negative proteo/ non-proteobacteria that is grouped based on function and utilizes sunlight as main source of energy via photosynthesis?

Answer 12

Phototrophic Bacteria

Question 13

What are the major groups of phototrophic bacteria?

Answer 13

• Purple and green bacteria (due to bacteriochlorophylls)
• Cyanobacteria

Question 14

What is an oxygenic photosynthesizer that undergoes the process in the thylakoid membrane? Used as biosorbents and for human nutrition

Answer 14

Cyanobacteria

Question 15

What are the anoxygenic photosynthesizers?

Answer 15

Purple/green sulfur/nonsulfur

Question 16

T/F Fungi are heterotrophic and mostly saprophytic.

Answer 16

T, Fungi gets it’s food from other plants/animals, mostly from dead ones

Question 17

What is Mycoses?

Answer 17

Illness caused by fungi

Question 18

Are molds unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 18

Multicellular

Question 19

What is the existence of hyphae a characteristic of?
What are hyphae and where do they form in?

Answer 19

Molds
They are filamentous structures that form together into mycelium and thallus

Question 20

What are the 2 types of hyphae and define them

Answer 20

Septate hyphae- posses walls between cells
Coenocytic hyphae- no cells/membranes between cells

Question 21

Are yeasts unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 21

Unicellular

Question 22

How do yeasts reproduce?

Answer 22

Budding form (asexual reproduction)

Question 23

For yeast, what is formed when buds stick together?

Answer 23

Pseudohyphae

Question 24

What kind of cells walls do fungi have?

Answer 24

Chitin

Question 25

What type of sterol is found in fungi’s membrane?

Answer 25

Ergosterol

Question 26

In what ways can fungi reproduce sexually?

Answer 26

Cross or self-fertilization

Question 27

In what ways can fungi reproduce asexually?

Answer 27

Mitosis, budding, fragmentation of hyphae

Question 28

What type of fungi can have one or both modes of reproduction?

Answer 28

Mold

Question 29

What is dimorphic fungi

Answer 29

Can appear as either yeast or mold

Question 30

What is the fungi phyla is associated with food production, food spoilage, and human pathogens?

Answer 30

Ascomycota

Question 31

What are the sexual and asexual spores of Ascomycota?

Answer 31

Ascospores- sexual Conidia- asexual

Question 32

What are the 3 prominent species of ascomycota?

Answer 32

Aspergillus, Candida albicans, and penicillium

Question 33

What Ascomycota species is mold and is the common cause of allergies and opportunistic infection of tissues?

Answer 33

Aspergillus

Question 34

What Ascomycota species is a yeast with a normal biota but can be opportunistic pathogen?

Answer 34

Candida albicans

Question 35

What Ascomycota species is associated with vaginal yeast infection, oral thrush, and candidiasis?

Answer 35

Candida albicans

Question 36

What ascomycota species is mold that produces antibiotics?

Answer 36

Penicillium

Question 37

What fungi phyla is club-shaped and produces basidiospores?

Answer 37

Basidiomycota

Question 38

What fungi phyla is an important decomposer and food source which includes puffballs, mushrooms, rusts, and stinkhorns?

Answer 38

Basidiomycota

Question 39

What phyla does Amanita phalloides belong to and what is it?

Answer 39

Basidiomycota; a poisonous mushroom know as the death cap

Question 40

What fungi phyla is a unicellular obligate intracellular parasites that was once classified as protists?

Answer 40

Microsporidia

Question 41

Why are microsporidia obligate intracellular parasites?

Answer 41

Because they have no mitochondria, peroxisomes, or centrioles

Question 42

What do microspodia have to pierce host cell and infect?

Answer 42

Polar tubule

Question 43

What fungi phyla is mostly saprophytic (decomposer) and has coenocytic hyphae (multinucleated,large cells)?

Answer 43

Zygomycota

Question 44

What spores in Zygomycota is used for sexual and asexual reproduction?

Answer 44

Sexual- Zygospores Asexual- Sporangiospores

Question 45

What is common to spoilage of strawberries?

Answer 45

Zygomycota

Question 46

What species is important in Zygomycota and what is it?

Answer 46

Mucor- necrotizing infections in humans