Lipid And Cholesterol Drugs Flashcards
What do Statins do?
Inhibit HMG CoA reductase
Reduce cholesterol synthesis
Reduce LDL production
Increase LDL clearance
What are Statins used for?
CVS disease
Diabetes
Hypercholesterolaemia
What are the ADRs of Statins
Increased transaminases (need regular LFT’s)
Muscle pain
GI
What do Fibric Acid Derivatives do?
PPAR alpha agonist
Increase lipoprotein lipase
Decrease TAG production
What are the ADRs of Fibric Acid Derivatives?
GI
Gall stones
Myositis (inflammation and degeneration of muscle tissue)
What do Nicotinic Acids do?
Reduce VLDLs
Increase HDLs
Decrease lipoprotein synthesis
Coronary events
What are the ADRs of Nicotinic Acids?
Flushing, itching, headache
Hepatotoxicity
Hyperglycaemia
When should you not use Nicotinic Acids?
Acute liver disease
Unexplained LFTs elevation
Peptic Ulcer
What is an example of a Cholesterol lipase Inhibitor
Ezetimibe
What do Cholesterol Lipase inhibitors do?
Decrease intestinal delivery of cholesterol to the liver
Increase expression of hepatic LDL receptors
Decrease cholesterol content of atherogenic particles
What are the ADRs of Cholesterol Lipase Inhibitors?
Headache
Abdominal pain
Diarrheoa
How is an Atheroma formed?
Endothelial lining injury
Lipid insudation
Cytokines release attracts monocytes
Lipid oxidation
Macrophages phagocytose LDLs
Platelet derived growth factor release causes smooth muscle proliferation
Smooth muscle cells migrate to endothelial cells
Macrophages become foam cells
Foam cells secrete cytokines which attract more inflammatory cells
Collagen and proteoglycan produced
