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Bio 1610 Pittilleri > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Capturing solar energy to produce ATP that is used to produce Glucose from H2O and CO2

  • Light Energy to Chemical Energy
  • Occurs in the Chloroplast
  • Carbon Fixation
  • Production of atmospheric O2
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2
Q

Chlorophyll A

A

a photosynthetic pigment

–captures light energy and turns it into chemical energy

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3
Q

Carbon Fixation

A

Fixing the carbon to put it into a form all other living things can use

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4
Q

What are the 2 sets of reactions for photosynthesis?

A
  1. Light Dependent Reactions
  2. Light Independent Reactions
    - -These 2 reactions depend on each other
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5
Q

Light Dependent Reaction

A

Formation of ATP and NADPH

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6
Q

Light Independent Reaction

A

Formation of Glucose

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7
Q

Light Dependent Reaction

A

Formation of ATP and NADPH

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8
Q

Light Independent Reaction

A

Formation of Glucose

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9
Q

Chloroplasts

A
  • in the mesophyll cells (meat of leaves/plants)
  • double membrane
  • Stroma
  • Thylakoid system
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10
Q

Stroma

A

Fluid interior inside the second inner most membrane

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11
Q

Thylakoid System

A

Stacks of membranes

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12
Q

Thylakoid Membrane

A

Where the light dependent reaction takes place.

–Photosystem I and Photosystem II

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13
Q

Photosystems (PS)

A

The Light Dependent Reactions
Assemblies of proteins, chlorophyll, and accessory pigment molecules.
Photosystem II and Photosystem I
–They contain the reaction center
–they are connected by the electron transport chain

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14
Q

Photosystem II (PSII)

A
  • pigments trap and pass light energy to the reaction center.
  • the reaction center used the energy to give off energized electrons
  • transports electrons from PSII to PSI
  • uses energy to pump H+ into the thylakoid interior from the stroma
  • Absorbed light energy is used to break H2O into CO2 and O2
  • -H+ adds to the concentration gradient
  • -This is atmospheric O2
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15
Q

Photosystem I (PSI)

A
  • Pigments trap and pass light energy to the reaction center
  • reaction center passes energy to incoming electrons to “re-energize” them
  • electrons are passed through the 2nd transport system where they combine with NADP and H+ to make NADPH
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16
Q

ATP production in Photosynthesis

A

Takes place on the thykaloid membrane.

  • H+ flows from down the concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane into the stroma
  • -through ATP Synthases
17
Q

Light Dependent

A
  • Light and H2O go into the light dependent reactions

- ATP, NADPH, and O2(atmospheric) comes out of the light dependent reactions

18
Q

Reaction center

A

Gives off energized electrons (Chlorophyll A)

19
Q

Calvin Cycle

A

Light Independent Reaction

  • Takes place in the Stroma
  • CO2, ATP, and NADPH come into it from the light dependent reactions
  • Glucose comes out of the light independent reactions
  • -NADP and ADP are recycled back into the light dependent reactions
20
Q

C3 Photosynthesis

A

Required to make 1 Glucose

  • 6 CO2
  • 18 ATP
  • 12 NADPH
    1. Carbon Fixation through Rubisco
    2. Phosphoglycerate (PGA)
    3. (G3P)
    4. RuBP
21
Q

Rubisco

A

an enzyme that fixes carbon into (PGA)

22
Q

Photorespiration

A

When plants do cellular respiration instead of photosynthesis

  • take in more O2 and breath out CO2
  • Happens in hot/dry conditions
  • The stomata close to conserve water and thus limits the intake of CO2
  • If the O2 levels are higher than CO2 then O2 will connect to the Rubisco instead and it will pull Carbon from the Calvin Cycle to make CO2.
  • –Thus making little glucose
  • C3 plants do not do well in hot/dry climates
23
Q

C4 Photosynthesis

A

Sugar cane, corn, and most grasses use this type of photosynthesis.
Separates the Calvin cycle into 2 different cells
-The mesophyll cells fix the carbon then dump it into the bundle sheath cells
- This makes a high concentration of CO2 in the Bundle Sheath Cells so Rubisco will connect with it and run the Calvin Cycle instead of photrespiration

24
Q

CAM Photosynthesis

A

Cactus and dry plants

  • Hot/dry conditions
  • Do the steps at different times
  • -Open the stomata at night when it is cooler to take in CO2 and fix it
  • -Closes the stomata during the day and runs the Clavin Cycle

Bio 1610 Pittilleri (22 decks)

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