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BMTCP > IN 1 Nutrition > Flashcards

IN 1 Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What term is defined by the energy needed to maintain life sustaining activities for specific periods of time at rest?

A

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

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2
Q

What is the unit of energy equal to amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius?

A

Calorie

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3
Q

What term describes any of a group of chemical compounds, including sugars, starches and cellulose containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only?

A

Carbohydate

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4
Q

What term describes a nutrient that must be provided by food because the body cannot synthesize it at a rate sufficient to meet our needs?

A

Essential nutrient

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5
Q

What term describes the chemical changes in living cells that produce energy vital for life?

A

Metabolism

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6
Q

What term describes inorganic elements necessary for body processes and function?

A

Nutrients

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7
Q

What term describes any group of complex nitrogenous organic compounds of high molecular weight that have amino acids as their basic structural units and that are found in all living matter?

A

Proteins

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8
Q

What term describes various relatively complex organic substances found in plant and animal tissue that are required in small quantities for controlling metabolic processes?

A

Vitamins

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9
Q

What are minerals needed for?

A

Nerve conduction

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10
Q

What are the three basic food types?

A

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats

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11
Q

What term describes the breakdown of substances into simpler substances forming energy?

A

Catabolism

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12
Q

What term describes the building of more complex substances by synthesis of nutrient creating live tissue?

A

Anabolism

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13
Q

What are the seven areas on the food pyramid?

A 
Grains
Vegetables
Fruits
Milk
Meat and beans
Oils/fats/sugars/sodium
Physical activity
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14
Q

How many serving of grains should someone have a day?

A

6oz, ½ or 3 oz should be whole

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15
Q

How many servings of vegetables should one have a day?

A

2 and ½ cups per day, more dark green and orange

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16
Q

How many fruit servings should one have per day?

A

2 cups every day

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17
Q

How many serving of mild/dairy should one have a day?

A

3 cups per day

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18
Q

How much meat and beans should one have per day

A

5 ½ oz per day

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19
Q

How much physical activity is required for weight loss?

A

60-90 minutes

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20
Q

How much time should children and teenagers be active per day?

A

60 minutes

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21
Q

What are the six key nutrients?

A 
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats/lipids
Vitamins 
Minerals
Water
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22
Q

What is the primary source for of energy for the body?

A

Carbohydrates

23
Q

What percentage of your diet should by carbohydrates?

A

50-60%

24
Q

How many calories in a gram of carbohydrates?

A

4 calories

25
Q

What nutrient builds and repairs new tissue?

A

Protein

26
Q

How many calories per gram of protein?

A

Four

27
Q

How many calories per gram of fat?

A

Nine

28
Q

Why are fats/lipids necessary for women?

A

Hormone balance and normal menstrual cycle

29
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

ADEK

30
Q

What is the average cholesterol intake?

A

200-300 mg

31
Q

What should ones total cholesterol be?

A

Less than 200

32
Q

What should someone’s HDL be?

A

45mg/dL for men and above 55mg/dL for women

33
Q

What should someone’s LDL be?

A

Less than 100mg/dL

34
Q

What should someone’s triglycerides be?

A

Less than 160mg/dL for men and less than 135/dL for women

35
Q

What can deficiencies in fats/lipids lead to?

A

Altered brain function, impaired cll membranes, poor growth, amenorrhea, vitamin deficiencies

36
Q

What vitamin provides health of oral structures and eyes?

A

Vitamin A

37
Q

What will a deficienciy of vitamin A lead to?

A

Night blindness, changes in skin/mucus membranes, increased susceptibility to infection

38
Q

What is B1?

A

Thiamin

39
Q

What is B2?

A

Riboflavin

40
Q

What is B3?

A

Niacin

41
Q

What is B5?

A

Pantothenic acid

42
Q

What is B6?

A

Pyridoxine

43
Q

What is B7?

A

Biotin

44
Q

What is B9?

A

Folic acid

45
Q

What will B vitamin deficiencies lead to?

A

Fatigue, stunted growth and nerve and digestive disorders

46
Q

What vitamin is also known as ascorbic acid?

A

Vitamin C

47
Q

What will vitamin C deficiencies lead to?

A

Impaired healing, scurvy – causing weakness, malaise, gingival enlargement with spontaneous bleeding, may lose teeth

48
Q

What will vitamin D deficiency lead to?

A

Rickets, the insufficient absorption of calcium and phosphorous into bones and teeth causing them to be soft

49
Q

What will an excess of vitamin D lead to?

A

Hypercalcemia – causing renal stones, bone and abdominal pain, polyuria and depression

50
Q

What does vitamin K assist with?

A

Normal clotting of blood and bone metabolism, help maintain liver function

51
Q

What are the Minerals?

A 
Calcium
Fluoride
Iron
Phosphorus
Sodium
52
Q

What is the most essential of all nutrients?

A

Water

53
Q

What term is described as the process by which organisms take in and utilize food materials?

A

Nutrition

BMTCP (30 decks)

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