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A. White- Human Anatomy > Vasculature Of The Abdominal Viscera > Flashcards

Vasculature Of The Abdominal Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta enter the abdomen?

A

Through the aortic hiatus

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2
Q

True or false: the abdominal aorta is retroperitoneal

A

True

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3
Q

Where does the aorta terminate?

A

At L4

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4
Q

What is located to the right of the aora?

A

The inferior vena cava

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5
Q

What forms the aortic hiatus?

A

The left and right crus of the diaphragm

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6
Q

Where are the anterior longitudinal ligament and vertebral bodies?

A

Posterior to the aorta

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7
Q

Is the aorta retroperitoneal?

A

Yes

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8
Q

Where is the abdominal aorta in relation to other structures?

A

IVC (right)

Pancreas (anterior)

Duodenum (anterior)

Root of the mesentery (anterior)

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9
Q

What are paired branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Inferior phrenic

Subcostal and lumbar

Middle suprarenal

Renal

Gonadal

Common iliarc

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10
Q

What are the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Celiac artery

Superior mesenteric

Inferior mesenteric

Median sacral

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11
Q

Where does the celiac trunk branch?

A

From the aorta immediately below the aortic hiatus.

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12
Q

What is the celiac trunk surrounded by?

A

Celiac plexus and ganglia

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13
Q

What are the 3 major branches of the celiac trunk?

A

Left gastric (superior)

Common hepatic (right)

Splenic (left(

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14
Q

What does the left gastric artery anstomose with?

A

Branches of the right gastric along the lesser curvature

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15
Q

What does the common hepatic artery branch into?

A

Proper hepatic artery (superior)

Gastroduodenal artery (inferior)

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16
Q

What does the hepatic artery end as?

A

The right and left hepatic arteries

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17
Q

What is the cystic artery usually a branch of?

A

The right hepatic artery

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18
Q

What is the splenic artery from?

A

The celiac trunk.

It runs posterior to the stomach, and superior to the pancreas.

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19
Q

What does the left gastro-omental artery anastomose with?

A

The right gastro-omental on the greater curvature of the stomach.

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20
Q

What are the contents of the hepatoduodenal ligament?

A

Hepatic artery

Portal vein

Bile duct

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21
Q

What is the function of the portal vein?

A

It brings deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood from the GI tract to the liver.

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22
Q

What is the function of the hepatic artery?

A

It supplies oxygenated blood.

It further divides into the left and right hepatic arteries.

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23
Q

What do the right and left hepatic veins drain into?

A

The right and left sides of the inferior vena cava.

24
Q

Do the hepatic veins follow the branching patterns of portal veins, hepatic ducts and the hepatic artery?

A

No

25
Q

Where does the gall bladder and biliary tract lie?

A

In the hepatic fossa

26
Q

Where does the fundus contact the anterior abdominal wall of the midclavicular line?

A

At the 9th or 10th costal cartilage

27
Q

Where does the superior mesenteric artery arise from?

A

The aorta posterior to the neck of the pancreas.

28
Q

What does the pancreas receive branches from?

A

The celiac and superior mesenteric arteries.

29
Q

What is the first branch of the superior mesenteric artery?

A

An inferior pancreaticoduodenal.

30
Q

Where do branches from the superior mesenteric artery meet branches from the gastroduodenal?

A

The anterior and posterior surfaces of the head of the pancreas.

31
Q

Where does the superior mesenteric artery branch?

A

To the small intestine.

It containst he inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, jejunal arteries and ileal arteries

32
Q

What are branches of the superior mesenteric artery found in the large intestine?

A

Ileocolic artery

Right colic artery

Middle colic artery

33
Q

What are the branches of the ileocolic artery?

A

Posterior cecal branch

Anterior cecal branch

Ileal branches

Appendicular branch

34
Q

What does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A

Derivativees of the hindgut.

It branches into the left colic artery and sigmoid arteries.

35
Q

Where does the hepatic portal system begin?

A

As capillaries in the digestive system. It ends as capillaries in the liver.

It is oxygen poor, and nutrient rich.

It also dains blood from the esophagus to the upper anal canal.

36
Q

What does the hepatic portal system end as?

A

Capillaries in the liver.

37
Q

For about two inches of the protal vein, there are no valves.

A

Interesting.

38
Q

What is the hepatic portal system formed by?

A

Splenic vein

Superior mesenteric vein

Inferior mesenteric vein

39
Q

Where does the hepatic portal system form?

A

Posterior to the neck of the pancreas.

It ends as the right and left branches in the liver.

40
Q

Where does the hepatic portal system run?

A

Through the hepatoduodenal ligament to enter the liver at the porta hepatis.

41
Q

What are some direct tributaries of the portal vein?

A

Cystic vein

Left gastric vein

Right gastric vein

42
Q

What are direct tributaries of the splenic vein?

A

Splenic vein

Short gastric vein

Left gastro-omental vein

Pancreatic vein

43
Q

What are direct tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein?

A

Right gastro-omental

Pancreaticoduodenal

44
Q

What are the components of the superior mesenteric vein?

A

Intestinal vein

Ileocolic vein

Right colic vein

Middle colic vein

45
Q

Where does blood of the stomach and esophagus drain superiorly into?

A

The azygous system.

46
Q

Where dos blood of the stomach and esophagus drain inferiorly into?

A

The portal system

47
Q

What do common iliac veins join to form at L5?

A

Inferior vena cava

48
Q

Where is the formation of the common iliac veins to form the inferior vena cava?

A

L5

49
Q

Where does the inferior vena cava pierce the central tendon of the diaphragm?

A

T8

50
Q

What does the inferior vena cava drain?

A

The posterior body wall muscles

Genitourinary system

Lower limbs

51
Q

What are the main tributaries of the inferior vena cava?

A

Common iliacs

Lumbar veins

Renal veins

Hepatic veins

52
Q

What are tributaries of the inferior vena cava?

A

Right and left common iliac veins

Middle sacral veins

Lumbar veins

Right and left renal vein

Right gonadal vein

Right suprarenal vein

Hepatic vein

Inferior phrenic vein

53
Q

Where do veins from the gastrointestinal tract normally drain into?

A

The portal vein, either directly or indirectly.

54
Q

What are connections between the poral venous system and the inferior vena cava system important?

A

When the liver is blocked from diseases such as cirrhosis.

Blood flows back through the portal system and through the interconnections with the inferior vena cava to return to the heart.

55
Q

What are the four main ways for blood to bypass the liver?

A

Esophageal branches of the left gastric vein

Paraumbilical vins in the falciform ligament

Colic veins to retroperitoneal veins

Between superior rectal veins and middle and inferior rectal veins.

56
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta begin?

A

At T12

A. White- Human Anatomy (23 decks)

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