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Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 3 > Occipito-Axial Joint > Flashcards

Occipito-Axial Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What is the classification of the occipto-axial joint?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

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2
Q

What name is given to the occipital-C2 region of the spine?

A

the craniovertebral junction

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3
Q

What lig are present at the occipito-axial joint?

A
  • apical lig of the dens/apicodental lig
  • alar lig
  • membrana tectoria/tectorial membrane
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4
Q

What are the attachment sites for the apical dental lig of the dens or apicodental lig?

A
  • anterior margin of the foramen magnum

- tip of the odontoid process of C2

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5
Q

What is the embryonic derivative to the apical lig of the dens or the apicodental lig?

A

the notochord

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6
Q

What is the function of the apical lig of the dens?

A

has no known function

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7
Q

What is the joint classification of the apical lig of the dens?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

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8
Q

Which lig lies behind the apical lig of the dens?

A

the cruciate lig, specifically the superior crus lig

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9
Q

What are the attachment sites for the alar lig?

A
  • posterolateral part of the odontoid process of C2
  • impressions on the medial border of the occipital condyle
  • as far anterior as the anterolateral margin of the foramen magnum
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10
Q

What types of surfaces are identified as possible attachment sites for the alar lig?

A

both tubercles and fovea have been identified

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11
Q

What are the attachment sites for the anterior atlanto-dental lig?

A
  • alar lig

- ipsilateral lateral mass of C1

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12
Q

What lig attaches the alar lig to the ipsilateral lateral mass of C1?

A

anterior atlanto-dental lig

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13
Q

What is the function of the alar lig?

A

together they function to resist axial rotation

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14
Q

What is the joint classification of the alar lig?

A

a fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

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15
Q

Which lig lies behind the alar lig?

A

the cruciate lig, specifically the superior crus lig

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16
Q

What forms the cranial continuation of the posterior longitudinal lig?

A

the membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane

17
Q

What are the attachment sites for the membrana tectoria?

A
  • posterior part of the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2
  • vertebral body of C2
  • anterior rim of the foramen magnum
18
Q

What are the layers of the membrana tectoria?

A
  • superficial layer

- deep layer

19
Q

What are the attachment sites for the superficial layer of the membrana tectoria?

A
  • posterior part of the inferior epiphyseal rim and vertebral body of C2
  • capsular lig of the atlanto-occipital joint
  • cranial dura of the posterior cranial fossa
20
Q

What are the attachment sites for the deep layer of the membrana tectoria?

A
  • posterior part of the inferior epiphyseal rim and vertebral body of C2
  • periosteum behind the cruciate lig attachment site on the anterior rim of the foramen magnum
21
Q

The superficial layer of the membrana tectoria lies in front of what structure?

A

the dura mater of the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord

22
Q

What lies in front of the deep layer of the membrana tectoria?

A

the cruciate lig

23
Q

What lig is anterior to the dura mater of the medulla oblongata-spinal cord junction?

A

membrana tectoria

24
Q

What lig lies behind the cruciate lig?

A

membrana tectoria

25
Q

What is the function of the membrana tectoria?

A

it resists flexion and extension of the skull on the upper cervical spine

26
Q

What is the joint classification of the membrana tectoria?

A

a fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint

27
Q

List in order the lig in a midsagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint.

A
  • membrana tectoria
  • cruciate lig
  • capsular lig of the posterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint
  • apical lig of the dens
28
Q

List in order the lig in a parasagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint.

A
  • membrana tectoria
  • cruciate lig
  • capsular lig of the posterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint
  • alar lig
29
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of flexion-extension?

A

about 90 degrees or about 18 degrees per couple

30
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side lateral bending?

A

about 50 degrees or about 10 degrees per couple

31
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side axial rotation?

A

about 33 degrees or about 6 degrees per couple

Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 3 (94 decks)

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