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Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 3 > Lacrimal Gland > Flashcards

Lacrimal Gland Flashcards

1
Q

What is the location of the lacrimal gland?

A

Lacrimal fossa of frontal bone in superolateral part of orbital wall

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2
Q

What rests in the lacrimal fossa?

A

Orbital part of lacrimal gland

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3
Q

What is the name given to the part of the lacrimal gland outside of the lacrimal fossa?

A

Palpebral part of lacrimal gland

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4
Q

What are the parts of the lacrimal gland?

A

Orbital and palpebral parts

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5
Q

The lacrimal gland is an example of what classification of gland?

A

Exocrine gland

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6
Q

What is the single common characteristic of exocrine glands?

A

Ducts drain product from the secretory units of the gland

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7
Q

In what location will the lacrimal gland ducts open?

A

Superior fornix

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8
Q

Superior and inferior lacrimal canaliculi drain into what structure?

A

Lacrimal sac

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9
Q

What is the name of the structure draining the lacrimal sac?

A

Nasolacrimal duct

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10
Q

The nasolacrimal duct will open into what specific location?

A

Inferior nasal meatus of nasal cavity

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11
Q

What is the drainage pattern of tears?

A
  • lacrimal punctum
  • lacrimal canaliculus
  • lacrimal sac
  • nasolacrimal duct
  • inferior nasal meatus
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12
Q

Visceral Efferent (VE) pathways innervate what structures?

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular tissues

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13
Q

What specific pathways are identified with VE innervation?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic motor pathways

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14
Q

How many neurons are involved in the VE pathways from CNS to target cell?

A

Two motor neurons

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15
Q

What is the location for the second neuron in the VE pathway?

A

Typically a ganglion

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16
Q

Which VE pathway is conveyed in the seventh cranial nerve?

A

A parasympathetic motor pathway

17
Q

Which cranial nerves are involved in the VE parasympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

Facial and trigeminal (maxillary and ophthalmic divisions/branches)

18
Q

VE fibers conveyed in the seventh cranial nerve originate from which nucleus?

A

Superior salivary nucleus

19
Q

Preganglionic visceral efferent fibers of cranial nerve VII will exit the pons into what nerve?

A

Nervus intermedius, nerve of Wrisberg, sensory root of facial nerve

20
Q

What are the names of the ganglion of synapse in the efferent pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A
  • pterygopalatine ganglion
  • sphenopalatine ganglion
  • Meckel’s ganglion
21
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers from the pterygopalatine, sphenopalatine, or Meckel’s ganglion will become incorporated in which cranial nerve branch?

A

maxillary nerve of the trigeminal

22
Q

The maxillary nerve will convey postganglionic parasympathetic efferent fibers to the lacrimal gland through a communication with which branch of the fifth cranial nerve?

A

ophthalmic nerve

23
Q

Parasympathetic stimulation of blood vessels in the lacrimal gland will result in what events?

A
  • vasodilation of blood vessels
  • increased availability of water to secretory units
  • thinner or more watery product in lumen
24
Q

The sympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland will involve what nerural components?

A
  • spinal nerves

- a neurovascular plexus around blood vessels

25
Q

What is the origin for the sympathetic pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

lateral horn/intermediolateral cell column T1, T2

26
Q

What is the target of the preganglionic sympathetic VE fiber in the pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

the VE fiber ascends to the superior cervical ganglion to synapse

27
Q

What is the pathway for the postganglionic sympathetic VE fiber to the lacrimal gland?

A

it joins the internal carotid artery neurovascular plexus and continues along the ophthalmic artery to the lacrimal gland where it synapses

28
Q

What will sympathetics specifically control in the pathway to the lacrimal gland?

A

vasomotor fibers to smooth muscle of blood vessels

29
Q

Sympathetic stimulation of the lacrimal gland will result in what events?

A
  • vasoconstriction of blood vessels
  • limited availability of water to secretory units
  • more viscous or thicker product formed in glandular lumen
30
Q

What cells of the lacrimal gland will cause the product to be released from the secretory unit?

A

myoepithelial cells

31
Q

What neural pathways target the myoepithelial cell?

A

primarily the parasympathetic system

32
Q

What will parasympathetic specifically target in the lacrimal gland?

A
  • vasomotor fibers to smooth muscle of blood vessels

- secretomotor fibers to myoepithelial cells surrounded secretory alveolus

Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 3 (94 decks)

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