Equations

Question 1

Heat transfer per unit time

Answer 1

Heat. Flow = q/t = (cBF)(density)(deltaT)

Question 2

Coefficient of heat exchange

Answer 2

Coefficent HE = (Tbo - Tbi)/ (Twi - Tbi)

Question 3

Change in heat

Answer 3

Q= cmdelta T

Question 4

Reynolds number

Answer 4

Re = [(mean velocity)(density)(diameter)]/viscosity

Re >2500: turbulent

Question 5

Poiseuilles law of resistance

Answer 5

Resistance = [8viscositylength] / [3.14*r^4]

Question 6

Pascals law

Answer 6

Pressure gradient = densitygravityheight

1mmHg for every 1.36cm height

Question 7

Henry’s law (partial pressure of gas)

Answer 7

Content= partial pressure x solubility

Question 8

Pressure exerted by a column of fluid

Answer 8

P = density * gravity * height

Question 9

MAP

Answer 9

MAP = [(systolic - diastolic)/3] + diastolic

Question 10

Pulse pressure

Answer 10

Systolic - diastolic

Question 11

Distensibility

Answer 11

Change in volume/ (change in pressure*original volume)

Question 12

Piles pressure

Answer 12

Pulse pressure = systolic - diastolic

Question 13

Ideal gas law

Answer 13

PV=nRT

Question 14

Boyles law

Answer 14

P1V1 = P2V2

Question 15

Charles Law

Answer 15

V1/T1=V2/T2

Question 16

Gay lusaccs law

Answer 16

P1/T1=P2/T2

Question 17

Henry’s Law

Answer 17

Conc of gas in solution= (PP)(solubility)

Question 18

Solubility and diffusion of oxygen compared to CO2 in solution

Answer 18

CO2 is 24x more soluble

CO2 can diffuse 20x as quickly

Question 19

Diffusion equation

Answer 19

Diffusion = (pressure)(solubility)/ (sq root of MW)

Question 20

How does increased CO2 affect O2 affinity and oxyhemoglobin saturation curve

Answer 20

Decreased affinity, so shifts curve to the right

Question 21

Bohr affect

Answer 21

Increased co2 decreases hemoglobin affinity for oxygen

Question 22

Haldane affect

Answer 22

Increased o2 decreases hemoglobin a affinity for co2

Question 23

What is the limiting factor of oxygen utilization at the tissue?

Answer 23

ADP

Question 24

At tissue, gradient of oxygen from blood to Intracellular is 95-23 = 72. Relevance

Answer 24

MUST have O2 of at least 73 to keep pressure adequate

Question 25

How is CO2 distributed in body?

Answer 25

7% is dissolved
23% bound to protein (hemoglobin)
70% chemically converted to HCO3-

Question 26

Bronchial vs pulmonary blood flow

Answer 26

Bronchial: high pressure , low flow, is blood supply to respiratory system

Pulmonary: low pressure, high flow, supplies blood for gas exchange

Question 27

Pressure at top of lung vs bottom

Answer 27

Top: -15mmHg
Bottom: 8mmHg

Question 28

Three zones of blood flow in lung

Answer 28

Zone 1: no flow (alveolar pressure always higher than capillary)
Zone 2: intermittent flow (flow during systole, typically not diastole)
Zone 3: continuous flow (capillary oressure always higher than alveolar)

Question 29

In normal lung, what is the only part that receives zone 2?

Answer 29

Apex
In exercis, this converts to zone 3
All the rest is zone three

Question 30

3 ways lungs can compensate for increased cardiac output during exercise

Answer 30

Increase number of open capillaries
Distend already open capillaries
Increase pulmonary artery pressure (so more diffusion into tissues)